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Given a graph $G$, its Ramsey number $r(G)$ is the minimum $N$ so that every two-coloring of $E(K_N)$ contains a monochromatic copy of $G$. It was conjectured by Conlon, Fox, and Sudakov that if one deletes a single vertex from $G$, the…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2024-01-17 Yuval Wigderson

A star edge coloring of a graph is a proper edge coloring with no $2$-colored path or cycle of length four. The star chromatic index $\chi'_{st}(G)$ of $G$ is the minimum number $t$ for which $G$ has a star edge coloring with $t$ colors. We…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2021-05-12 Carl Johan Casselgren , Jonas B. Granholm , André Raspaud

For an integer $q\ge 2$, a graph $G$ is called $q$-Ramsey for a graph $H$ if every $q$-colouring of the edges of $G$ contains a monochromatic copy of $H$. If $G$ is $q$-Ramsey for $H$, yet no proper subgraph of $G$ has this property then…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2020-08-12 Dennis Clemens , Anita Liebenau , Damian Reding

The Ramsey number r_k(s,n) is the minimum N such that every red-blue coloring of the k-tuples of an N-element set contains either a red set of size s or a blue set of size n, where a set is called red (blue) if all k-tuples from this set…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2008-08-28 David Conlon , Jacob Fox , Benny Sudakov

The size-Ramsey number $\hat r(G')$ of a graph $G'$ is defined as the smallest integer $m$ so that there exists a graph $G$ with $m$ edges such that every $2$-coloring of the edges of $G$ contains a monochromatic copy of $G'$. Answering a…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2023-07-25 Konstantin Tikhomirov

Given two graphs $G$ and $H$, the $k$-colored Gallai-Ramsey number $gr_k(G : H)$ is defined to be the minimum integer $n$ such that every $k$-coloring of the complete graph on $n$ vertices contains either a rainbow copy of $G$ or a…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2018-11-16 Xihe Li , Ligong Wang

Given a positive integer $s$, the $s$-colour size-Ramsey number of a graph $H$ is the smallest integer $m$ such that there exists a graph $G$ with $m$ edges with the property that, in any colouring of $E(G)$ with $s$ colours, there is a…

Given a pair of $k$-uniform hypergraphs $(G,H)$, the Ramsey number of $(G,H)$, denoted by $R(G,H)$, is the smallest integer $n$ such that in every red/blue-colouring of the edges of $K_n^{(k)}$ there exists a red copy of $G$ or a blue copy…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2024-06-25 Simona Boyadzhiyska , Allan Lo

A graph $G$ is $q$-Ramsey for another graph $H$ if in any $q$-edge-colouring of $G$ there is a monochromatic copy of $H$, and the classic Ramsey problem asks for the minimum number of vertices in such a graph. This was broadened in the…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2025-03-05 Simona Boyadzhiyska , Dennis Clemens , Shagnik Das , Pranshu Gupta

In this paper, we study Ramsey-type problems for directed graphs. We first consider the $k$-colour oriented Ramsey number of $H$, denoted by $\overrightarrow{R}(H,k)$, which is the least $n$ for which every $k$-edge-coloured tournament on…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2019-05-03 Matija Bucic , Shoham Letzter , Benny Sudakov

Given graphs H_1,...,H_k, we study the minimum order of a graph G such that for each i, the induced copies of H_i in G cover V(G). We prove a general upper bound of twice the sum of the numbers m_i, where m_i is one less than the order of…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2007-05-23 Zoltan Furedi , Dhruv Mubayi , Douglas B. West

A graph G is r-Ramsey for a graph H, denoted by G\rightarrow (H)_r, if every r-colouring of the edges of G contains a monochromatic copy of H. The graph G is called r-Ramsey-minimal for H if it is r-Ramsey for H but no proper subgraph of G…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2015-02-11 Jacob Fox , Andrey Grinshpun , Anita Liebenau , Yury Person , Tibor Szabo

For two graphs $G,H$, the \emph{Ramsey number} $r(G,H)$ is the minimum integer $n$ such that any red/blue edge-coloring of $K_n$ contains either a red copy of $G$ or a blue copy of $H$. For two graphs $G,H$, the \emph{Gallai-Ramsey number}…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2024-01-26 Ping Li , Yaping Mao , Ingo Schiermeyer , Yifan Yao

For a graph $G$, a hypergraph $\mathcal{H}$ is a Berge copy of $G$ (or a Berge-$G$ in short), if there is a bijection $f : E(G) \rightarrow E(\mathcal{H})$ such that for each $e \in E(G)$ we have $e \subseteq f(e)$. We denote the family of…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2019-05-08 Dániel Gerbner , Abhishek Methuku , Gholamreza Omidi , Máté Vizer

Given a $k$-uniform hypergraph $G$ and a set of $k$-uniform hypergraphs $\mathcal{H}$, the generalized Ramsey number $f(G,\mathcal{H},q)$ is the minimum number of colors needed to edge-color $G$ so that every copy of every hypergraph $H\in…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2024-06-06 Deepak Bal , Patrick Bennett , Emily Heath , Shira Zerbib

The upper (mixed) domination Ramsey number $u(m, n)$($v(m,n)$) is the smallest integer $p$ such that every $2$-coloring of the edges of $K_p$ with color red and blue, $\Gamma(B) \geq m$ or $\Gamma(R) \geq n$ ($\beta(R) \geq n$); where $B$…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2018-01-31 Tomasz Dzido , Renata Zakrzewska

Given a hypergraph $G$ and a subhypergraph $H$ of $G$, the \emph{odd Ramsey number} $r_{odd}(G,H)$ is the minimum number of colors needed to edge-color $G$ so that every copy of $H$ intersects some color class in an odd number of edges.…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2025-07-28 Nicholas Crawford , Emily Heath , Owen Henderschedt , Coy Schwieder , Shira Zerbib

We prove that, for every graph $F$ with at least one edge, there is a constant $c_F$ such that there are graphs of arbitrarily large chromatic number and the same clique number as $F$ in which every $F$-free induced subgraph has chromatic…

For a sequence $(H_i)_{i=1}^k$ of graphs, let $\textrm{nim}(n;H_1,\ldots, H_k)$ denote the maximum number of edges not contained in any monochromatic copy of $H_i$ in colour $i$, for any colour $i$, over all $k$-edge-colourings of~$K_n$.…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2018-07-11 Hong Liu , Oleg Pikhurko , Maryam Sharifzadeh

Given a graph $G$, a hypergraph $\mathcal{H}$ is a Berge copy of $F$ if $V(G)\subset V(\mathcal{H})$ and there is a bijection $f:E(G)\rightarrow E(\mathcal{H})$ such that for any edge $e$ of $G$ we have $e\subset f(e)$. We study Ramsey…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2019-06-07 Dániel Gerbner