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The large number of new planets expected from wide-area transit surveys means that follow-up transmission spectroscopy studies of their atmospheres will be limited by the availability of telescope assets. We argue that telescopes covering a…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2019-04-10 J. S. Morgan , E. Kerins , S. Awiphan , I. McDonald , J. J. Hayes , S. Komonjinda , D. Mkritchian , N. Sanguansak

One of the obstacles in the search for exoplanets via transits is the large number of candidates that must be followed up, few of which ultimately prove to be exoplanets. Any method that could make this process more efficient by somehow…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-11-10 B. Tingley , P. D. Sackett

The James Webb Space Telescope (JWST) is ushering in a new era in remote sensing of exoplanetary atmospheres. Atmospheric retrievals of exoplanets can be highly sensitive to high-precision JWST data. It is, therefore, imperative to…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2023-07-12 Måns Holmberg , Nikku Madhusudhan

Contemporary exoplanet and brown dwarf atmospheric research relies heavily on retrieval frameworks to recover thermal and chemical properties and perform model comparison in an observational data-driven approach. However, the computational…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2026-02-24 Elspeth K. H. Lee

Atmospheric retrievals of exoplanetary transmission spectra provide important constraints on various properties such as chemical abundances, cloud/haze properties, and characteristic temperatures, at the day-night atmospheric terminator. To…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2021-06-09 Luis Welbanks , Nikku Madhusudhan

Traditionally, ground-based spectrophotometric observations probing transiting exoplanet atmospheres have employed a linear map between comparison and target star light curves (e.g. via differential spectrophotometry) to correct for…

Ground-based high-resolution cross-correlation spectroscopy (HRCCS; R >~ 15,000) is a powerful complement to space-based studies of exoplanet atmospheres. By resolving individual spectral lines, HRCCS can precisely measure chemical…

Radial velocities measured from near-infrared spectra are a potentially powerful tool to search for planets around cool stars and sub-stellar objects. However, no technique currently exists that yields near-infrared radial velocity…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2014-11-20 Jacob L. Bean , Andreas Seifahrt , Henrik Hartman , Hampus Nilsson , Guenter Wiedemann , Ansgar Reiners , Stefan Dreizler , Todd J. Henry

High-contrast imaging for the detection and characterization of exoplanets relies on the instrument's capability to block out the light of the host star. Some current post-processing methods for calibrating out the residual speckles use…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2015-06-15 Marie Ygouf , Laurent M. Mugnier , David Mouillet , Thierry Fusco , Jean-Luc Beuzit

Ground-based high-resolution transmission spectroscopy has emerged as a promising technique for detecting chemicals in transiting exoplanetary atmospheres. Despite chemical inferences in several exoplanets and previous robustness studies, a…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2023-04-19 Connor J. Cheverall , Nikku Madhusudhan , Måns Holmberg

The James Webb Space Telescope will enable astronomers to obtain exoplanet spectra of unprecedented precision. Especially the MIRI instrument may shed light on the nature of the cloud particles obscuring planetary transmission spectra in…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2017-03-22 Paul Mollière , Roy van Boekel , Jeroen Bouwman , Thomas Henning , Pierre-Olivier Lagage , Michiel Min

Transmission spectroscopy is still the preferred characterization technique for exoplanet atmospheres, although it presents unique challenges that translate into characterization bottlenecks when robust mitigation strategies are missing.…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2024-07-24 Benjamin V. Rackham , Julien de Wit

Exoplanet transmission spectra, which measure the absorption of light passing through a planet's atmosphere during transit, are most often assessed globally, resulting in a single spectrum per planetary atmosphere. However, the inherent…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2022-12-21 David Grant , Hannah R. Wakeford

In support of the National Acadamies' Exoplanet Science Strategy, this whitepaper outlines key technology challenges for studying the diversity of worlds in the Galaxy and in searching for habitable planets. Observations of habitable…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2018-03-14 Brendan Crill , Nick Siegler , Shawn Domagal-Goldman , Eric Mamajek , Karl Stapelfeldt

The EXtreme PREcision Spectrograph (EXPRES) is a new Doppler spectrograph designed to reach a radial velocity measurement precision sufficient to detect Earth-like exoplanets orbiting nearby, bright stars. We report on extensive laboratory…

ArchNEMESIS is an open-source Python package developed for the analysis of remote sensing spectroscopic observations of planetary atmospheres. It is based on the widely used NEMESIS radiative transfer and retrieval tool, which has been…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2025-07-29 Juan Alday , Joseph Penn , Patrick G. J. Irwin , Jonathon P. Mason , Jingxuan Yang

The James Webb Space Telescope is orders of magnitude more sensitive than any other facility across the near to mid-infrared wavelengths. Many approved programs take advantage of its highly stable point spread function (PSF) to directly…

Atmospheric characterisation of exoplanets from the ground is an actively growing field of research. In this context we have created the ATMOSPHERIX consortium: a research project aimed at characterizing exoplanets atmospheres using…

Spectroscopic eclipse observations, like those possible with the James Webb Space Telescope, should enable 3D mapping of exoplanet daysides. However, fully-flexible 3D planet models are overly complex for the data and computationally…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2022-02-16 Ryan C. Challener , Emily Rauscher

High-resolution spectroscopy (HRS) of exoplanet atmospheres has successfully detected many chemical species and is quickly moving toward detailed characterization of the chemical abundances and dynamics. HRS is highly sensitive to the line…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2025-09-04 Lennart van Sluijs , Hayley Beltz , Isaac Malsky , Genevieve H. Pereira , L. Cinque , Emily Rauscher , Jayne Birkby
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