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The Slicer Combined with Array of Lenslets for Exoplanet Spectroscopy (SCALES) instrument is a lenslet-based integral field spectrograph that will operate at 2 to 5 microns, imaging and characterizing colder (and thus older) planets than…

Atmospheric retrievals are now a standard tool to analyze observations of exoplanet atmospheres. This data-driven approach quantitatively compares atmospheric models to observations in order to estimate atmospheric properties and their…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2020-06-10 Joshua D. Lothringer , Travis S. Barman

Detecting and characterising exoplanet atmospheres remains challenging because atmospheric signals can be comparable to residual noise and instrumental/astrophysical systematics. Spectral features span from a few ppm for small planets up to…

Transiting exoplanets in multi-planet systems exhibit non-Keplerian orbits as a result of the gravitational influence from companions which can cause the times and durations of transits to vary. The amplitude and periodicity of the transit…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2019-12-24 Kyle A. Pearson

The majority of exoplanets found to date have been discovered via the transit method, and transmission spectroscopy represents the primary method of studying these distant worlds. Currently, in-depth atmospheric characterization of…

Accurate estimations of atmospheric properties of exoplanets from transmission spectra require understanding of degeneracies between model parameters and observations that can resolve them. We conduct a systematic investigation of such…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2019-05-08 Luis Welbanks , Nikku Madhusudhan

Spectroscopic studies of planets outside of our own solar system provide some of the most crucial information about their formation, evolution, and atmospheric properties. In ground-based spectroscopy, the process of extracting the planet's…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2022-07-20 Kaitlin C. Rasmussen , Matteo Brogi , Fahin Rahman , Emily Rauscher , Hayley Beltz , Alexander P. Ji

Planets emit thermal radiation and reflect incident light that they recieve from their host stars. As a planet orbits it's host star the photometric variations associated with these two effects produce very similar phase curves. If observed…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2016-06-22 Ben Placek , Kevin H. Knuth , Daniel Angerhausen

The occurrence of a planet transiting in front of its host star offers the opportunity to observe the planet's atmosphere filtering starlight. The fraction of occulted stellar flux is roughly proportional to the optically thick area of the…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2021-04-20 G. Morello , T. Zingales , M. Martin-Lagarde , R. Gastaud , P. -O. Lagage

One of the most prolific methods of studying exoplanet atmospheres is transmission spectroscopy, which measures the difference between the depth of an exoplanet's transit signal at various wavelengths and attempts to correlate the depth…

Standard Bayesian retrievals for exoplanet atmospheric parameters from transmission spectroscopy, while well understood and widely used, are generally computationally expensive. In the era of the JWST and other upcoming observatories,…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2025-08-08 Roy T. Forestano , Konstantin T. Matchev , Katia Matcheva , Eyup B. Unlu

High-resolution Doppler spectroscopy is a powerful tool for identifying molecular species in the atmospheres of both transiting and non-transiting exoplanets. Currently, such data is analysed using cross-correlation techniques to detect the…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2019-10-09 Christopher Watson , Ernst de Mooij , Danny Steeghs , Tom Marsh , Matteo Brogi , Neale Gibson , Shannon Matthews

Transmission spectroscopy is a powerful technique widely used to probe exoplanet terminators. Atmospheric retrievals of transmission spectra are enabling comparative studies of exoplanet atmospheres. However, the atmospheric properties…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2020-04-28 Ryan J. MacDonald , Jayesh M. Goyal , Nikole K. Lewis

Recent advancements in ultra-stable ground-based high-resolution spectrographs have propelled ground-based astronomy to the forefront of exoplanet detection and characterisation. Retrieving accurate atmospheric parameters depends on…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2024-10-28 Cathal Maguire , Elyar Sedaghati , Neale P. Gibson , Alain Smette , Lorenzo Pino

The Ariel mission, due to launch in 2029, will obtain spectroscopic information for 1000 exoplanets, providing an unprecedented opportunity for comparative exoplanetology. Retrieval codes - parameteric atmospheric models coupled with an…

Hi-resolution spectroscopy (R > 25,000) has recently emerged as one of the leading methods to detect atomic and molecular species in the atmospheres of exoplanets. However, it has so far been lacking in a robust method to extract…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2019-02-20 Matteo Brogi , Michael R Line

Sophisticated atmospheric retrieval algorithms, such as Nested Sampling, explore large parameter spaces by iterating over millions of radiative transfer (RT) calculations. Probability distribution functions for retrieved parameters are…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2019-03-12 R. Garland , P. G. J. Irwin

Previous generation of instruments have the opportunity to discover thousands of extra-solar planets and more will come with the current and future planet-search missions. In order to go one step further in the characterization of…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2019-07-03 Vikash Singh , G. Scandariato , I. Pagano

Radial-velocity follow-up of stars harbouring transiting planets detected by TESS is expected to require very large amounts of expensive telescope time in the next few years. Therefore, scheduling strategies should be implemented to…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2021-03-31 Lorenzo Cabona , Pedro Viana , Marco Landoni , João Faria

Transiting exoplanets provide detailed access to their atmospheres, as the planet's signal can be effectively separated from that of its host star. For transiting exoplanets three fundamental atmospheric measurements are possible:…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2018-04-23 David K. Sing