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Monolayers of transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDs) have recently emerged as a promising optoelectronic platform. To leverage their full potential, however, it is important to understand and engineer the properties of the different…

Dislocations control the mechanical behavior of crystalline materials, yet their quantitative characterization in bulk has remained elusive. Transmission Electron Microscopy provides atomic-scale resolution but is restricted to thin foils,…

Materials Science · Physics 2026-03-05 A. Benhadjira , C. Detlefs , S. Borgi , V. Favre-Nicolin , C. Yildirim

2D semiconductors offer a promising pathway to replace silicon in next-generation electronics. Among their many advantages, 2D materials possess atomically-sharp surfaces and enable scaling the channel thickness down to the monolayer limit.…

Materials Science · Physics 2025-04-24 Viet-Anh Ha , Feliciano Giustino

Scanning transmission electron microscopy (STEM) is the most widespread adopted tool for atomic scale characterization of two-dimensional (2D) materials. Many 2D materials remain susceptible to electron beam damage, despite the standardized…

Materials Science · Physics 2021-08-11 Sytze de Graaf , Majid Ahmadi , Ivan Lazić , Eric G. T. Bosch , Bart J. Kooi

In context of the universal presence of defects in additively manufactured (AM) metals, efficient computational tools are required to rapidly screen AM microstructures for mechanical integrity. To this end, a deep learning approach is used…

Materials Science · Physics 2021-05-25 Brendan P. Croom , Michael Berkson , Robert K. Mueller , Michael Presley , Steven Storck

Defects are ubiquitous in solids and strongly influence materials' mechanical and functional properties. However, non-destructive characterization and quantification of defects, especially when multiple types coexist, remain a long-standing…

New production techniques have emerged that have made it possible to produce metal parts with more complex shapes, making the quality control process more difficult. This implies that the visual and superficial analysis has become even more…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-03-01 Francisco Javier Yagüe , Jose Francisco Diez-Pastor , Pedro Latorre-Carmona , Cesar Ignacio Garcia Osorio

Structural defects in 2D-transition metal dichalcogenides are critical in modulating their optical and electrical behavior. Nevertheless, precise defect control within the monolayer regime poses a significant challenge. Herein, a…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2025-09-30 Anagha Gopinath , Faiha Mujeeb , Subhabrata Dhar , Jyoti Mohanty

Two-dimensional (2D) materials are among the most promising candidates for next-generation electronics due to their atomic thinness, allowing for flexible transparent electronics and ultimate length scaling. Thus far, atomically-thin p-n…

Atomically thin transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDs) have distinct opto-electronic properties including enhanced luminescence and high on-off current ratios, which can be further modulated by making more complex TMD heterostructures.…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2020-01-28 Akshay Singh , Hae Yeon Lee , Silvija Gradecak

Optical spectroscopy techniques such as differential reflectance and transmittance have proven to be very powerful techniques to study 2D materials. However, a thorough description of the experimental setups needed to carry out these…

Far-field characterization of small objects is severely constrained by the diffraction limit. Existing tools achieving sub-diffraction resolution often utilize point-by-point image reconstruction via scanning or labelling. Here, we present…

Two-dimensional crystals, single sheets of layered materials, often show distinct properties desired for optoelectronic applications, such as larger and direct band gaps, valley- and spinorbit effects. Being atomically thin, the low amount…

Materials Science · Physics 2018-11-14 Roman Kempt , Agnieszka Kuc , Jae Hyo Han , Jinwoo Cheon , Thomas Heine

In this technical review we give an introduction to optical spectroscopy for layered materials as a powerful, non-invasive tool to access details of the electronic band structure and crystal quality. Potential applications in photonics and…

Materials Science · Physics 2020-12-18 Shivangi Shree , Ioannis Paradisanos , Xavier Marie , Cedric Robert , Bernhard Urbaszek

The unique optical and electronic properties of two-dimensional transition metal dichalcogenides (2D TMDs) make them promising materials for applications in (opto-)electronics, catalysis and more. Specifically, alloys of 2D TMDs have broad…

Transition metal dichalcogenides are known to possess large optical nonlinearities and driving these materials at high intensities is desirable for many applications. Understanding their optical responses under repetitive intense excitation…

Defects in solid-state materials play a central role in determining coherence, stability, and performance in quantum technologies. Although narrowband techniques can probe specific resonances with high precision, a broadband spectroscopic…

Since their discovery single-layer semiconducting transition metal dichalcogenides have attracted much attention thanks to their outstanding optical and mechanical properties. Strain engineering in these two-dimensional materials aims to…

Despite 2D materials holding great promise for a broad range of applications, the proliferation of devices and their fulfillment of real-life demands are still far from being realized. Experimentally obtainable samples commonly experience a…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2021-01-07 Pavel V. Kolesnichenko , Qianhui Zhang , Changxi Zheng , Michael S. Fuhrer , Jeffrey A. Davis

Atomically thin circuits have recently been explored for applications in next-generation electronics and optoelectronics and have been demonstrated with two-dimensional lateral heterojunctions. In order to form true 2D circuitry from a…