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Vehicle routing problem (VRP) is a typical discrete combinatorial optimization problem, and many models and algorithms have been proposed to solve the VRP and its variants. Although existing approaches have contributed a lot to the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-02-22 Bingjie Li , Guohua Wu , Yongming He , Mingfeng Fan , Witold Pedrycz

Routing and scheduling problems are fundamental problems in combinatorial optimization, and also have many applications. Most variations of these problems are NP-Hard, so we need to use heuristics to solve these problems on large instances,…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2015-02-20 Arindam Pal

The Vehicle Routing Problem (VRP) is a complex optimization problem with numerous real-world applications, mostly solved using metaheuristic algorithms due to its $\mathcal{NP}$-Hard nature. Traditionally, these metaheuristics rely on…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-08-11 Bachtiar Herdianto , Romain Billot , Flavien Lucas , Marc Sevaux

We are in the midst of a semi-autonomous era in urban transportation in which varying forms of vehicle autonomy are gradually being introduced. This phase of partial autonomy is anticipated by some to span a few decades due to various…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2025-02-07 Hins Hu , Samitha Samaranayake

This paper provides a systematic overview of machine learning methods applied to solve NP-hard Vehicle Routing Problems (VRPs). Recently, there has been a great interest from both machine learning and operations research communities to…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-05-06 Aigerim Bogyrbayeva , Meraryslan Meraliyev , Taukekhan Mustakhov , Bissenbay Dauletbayev

In the last decades, the classical Vehicle Routing Problem (VRP), i.e., assigning a set of orders to vehicles and planning their routes has been intensively researched. As only the assignment of order to vehicles and their routes is already…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2022-01-13 Veronika Lesch , Maximilian König , Samuel Kounev , Anthony Stein , Christian Krupitzer

The growing aging population has significantly increased demand for efficient home health care (HHC) services. This study introduces a Vehicle Routing and Appointment Scheduling Problem (VRASP) to simultaneously optimize caregiver routes…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2025-05-28 Yi Zhang , Zhenzhen Zhang

In this paper, we present the Electric Mobility Dial-a-Ride Problem (EM-DARP), which extends the Electric Vehicle Dial-a-Ride Problem (EV-DARP) to better accommodate human-focused mobility services. The problem involves utilizing a fleet of…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-04-27 Mostafa Emam , Björn Martens , Thomas Rottmann , Matthias Gerdts

The transition to electric vehicles (EVs) is critical to achieving sustainable transportation, but challenges such as limited driving range and insufficient charging infrastructure have hindered the widespread adoption of EVs, especially in…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-03-13 Jingyi Zhao , Haoxiang Yang , Yang Liu

Routing problems are often faced by companies who serve costumers through vehicles. Such problems have a challenging structure to optimize, despite the recent advances in combinatorial optimization. The goal of this project is to study and…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2018-09-03 Felipe F. Müller , Luis A. A. Meira

Simultaneous multi vibroseis vehicle operations are central to modern land seismic exploration and can be modeled as a Vehicle Routing Problem (VRP). A critical distinction from classical VRPs, however, is the need for a minimum start-time…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2025-08-11 Kexin Zhu , Jialong Shi , Jianyong Sun , Heng Zhou , Mingen Kuang , Ye Fan

The increasing use of electric vehicles (EVs) requires efficient route planning solutions that take into account the limited range of EVs and the associated charging times, as well as the different types of charging stations. In this work,…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-12-29 Dominik Köster , Florian Porkert , Klaus Volbert

We consider a vehicle routing problem which seeks to minimize cost subject to time window and synchronization constraints. In this problem, the fleet of vehicles is categorized into regular and special vehicles. Some customers require both…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2019-10-31 Minh Hoàng Hà , Tat Dat Nguyen , Thinh Nguyen Duy , Hoang Giang Pham , Thuy Do , Louis-Martin Rousseau

Vehicle routing problems have been the focus of extensive research over the past sixty years, driven by their economic importance and their theoretical interest. The diversity of applications has motivated the study of a myriad of problem…

Discrete Mathematics · Computer Science 2020-04-07 Thibaut Vidal , Gilbert Laporte , Piotr Matl

Despite the extensive research efforts and the remarkable results obtained on Vehicle Routing Problems (VRP) by using algorithms proposed by the Machine Learning community that are partially or entirely based on data-driven analysis, most…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-09-30 Luca Accorsi , Andrea Lodi , Daniele Vigo

We introduce the Vehicle Routing Problem with Resource-Constrained Pickup and Delivery (VRP-RPD), where vehicles transport finite identical resources to customer locations for autonomous processing before retrieval and redeployment. Unlike…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2026-03-27 Manbir Sodhi , Romesh Prasad , Harishjitu Saseendran

Multi-Robot-Arm Motion Planning (M-RAMP) is a challenging problem featuring complex single-agent planning and multi-agent coordination. Recent advancements in extending the popular Conflict-Based Search (CBS) algorithm have made large…

Robotics · Computer Science 2024-07-30 Yorai Shaoul , Rishi Veerapaneni , Maxim Likhachev , Jiaoyang Li

The Electric Vehicle Routing Problem (EVRP) extends the classical Vehicle Routing Problem (VRP) to reflect the growing use of electric and hybrid vehicles in logistics. Due to the variety of constraints considered in the literature,…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-11-14 David Woller , Viktor Kozák , Miroslav Kulich , Libor Přeučil

Complex real-life routing challenges can be modeled as variations of well-known combinatorial optimization problems. These routing problems have long been studied and are difficult to solve at scale. The particular setting may also make…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2020-09-23 Marijn van Knippenberg , Mike Holenderski , Vlado Menkovski

The growing need for sustainable logistics solutions has led to the evolution of vehicle routing problems (VRPs) into more complex variants that address modern challenges. Among these, the Two-Echelon Electric Vehicle Routing Problem…

Discrete Mathematics · Computer Science 2024-12-10 Mehmet Anıl Akbay , Christian Blum