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Improvements in X-ray optics critically depend on the measurement of their optical performance. The knowledge of wavefront aberrations, for example, can be used to improve the fabrication of optical elements or to design phase correctors to…
Diffraction of atoms by laser is a very important tool for matter wave optics. Although this process is well understood, the phase shifts induced by this diffraction process are not well known. In this paper, we make analytic calculations…
Proper characterization of nonlinear crystals is essential for designing single photon sources. We show a technique for dispersion characterization of a nonlinear material by making use of phase matching in the process of parametric down…
Ice-templating is a well-established processing route for porous ceramics. Because of the structure/properties relationships, it is essential to better understand and control the solidification microstructures. Ice-templating is based on…
Optical microscopy is without a doubt an essential component of life science research, but many objects of interest in biology are transparent. Chemical or immunological dyes, which can often be toxic, fluorescent transgenes, which require…
Layered materials (LMs), such as graphite, hexagonal boron nitride, and transition-metal dichalcogenides, are at the centre of an ever increasing research effort, due to their scientific and technological relevance. Raman and infrared…
Domain engineering technology in lithium tantalate is a well studied approach for nonlinear optical applications. However, for several cases of interest, the realization of short period structures (< 2 \mu m) is required, which make their…
Quantitative phase imaging (QPI) is a label-free technique that provides optical path length information for transparent specimens, finding utility in biology, materials science, and engineering. Here, we present quantitative phase imaging…
Three-dimensional phase contrast imaging of multiply-scattering samples in X-ray and electron microscopy is extremely challenging, due to small numerical apertures, the unavailability of wavefront shaping optics, and the highly nonlinear…
We experimentally demonstrate how to solve the phase problem of diffraction using multi-wave interference with standard diffraction experimental setups without the need for taking any auxiliary data. In particular, we show that the phases…
We present a simplified model for dynamical diffraction of particles through a periodic thick perfect crystal based on repeated application of a coherent beam splitting unitary at coarse-grained lattice sites. By demanding translational…
We present a new technique called "quantile analysis" to classify spectral properties of X-ray sources with limited statistics. The quantile analysis is superior to the conventional approaches such as X-ray hardness ratio or X-ray color…
Atom-surface interactions can significantly modify the intensity and phase of atom de Broglie waves diffracted by a silicon nitride grating. This affects the operation of a material grating as a coherent beam splitter. The phase shift…
Results of X-ray diffraction experiments on solid oxygen at low temperature and at pressures up to 10 GPa are presented.A careful sample preparation and annealing around 240 K allowed to obtain very good diffraction patterns in the…
Coherent X-ray beams with energies $\geq 50$ keV can potentially enable three-dimensional imaging of atomic lattice distortion fields within individual crystallites in bulk polycrystalline materials through Bragg coherent diffraction…
The population of dislocation defects in a crystalline material strongly influences its properties, so the ability to analyse this population in experimental samples is of great utility. As a complement to direct counting in the…
Detection of photons with scintillating inorganic crystals in the high-energy range (> 0.1 MeV) will be discussed, making a comparison with other available methods. Energy resolutions up to 2 % at 662 keV and fast decay time of the order of…
Electron diffraction through a thin patterned silicon membrane can be used to create complex spatial modulations in electron distributions by varying the intensity of different reflections using parameters such as crystallographic…
Materials modelling and processing require experiments to visualize and quantify how external excitations drive the evolution of deep subsurface structure and defects that determine properties. Today, 3D movies with ~100-nm resolution of…
A simple model of 1D structure based on a Fibonacci sequence with variable atomic spacings is proposed. The model allows for observation of the continuous transition between periodic and non-periodic diffraction patterns. The diffraction…