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Transformer-based models, exemplified by GPT-3, ChatGPT, and GPT-4, have recently garnered considerable attention in both academia and industry due to their promising performance in general language tasks. Nevertheless, these models…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-09-19 Gaochen Dong , Wei Chen

In highly repetitive strings, like collections of genomes from the same species, distinct measures of repetition all grow sublinearly in the length of the text, and indexes targeted to such strings typically depend only on one of these…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2015-02-24 Djamal Belazzougui , Fabio Cunial , Travis Gagie , Nicola Prezza , Mathieu Raffinot

Indexing very large collections of strings, such as those produced by the widespread next generation sequencing technologies, heavily relies on multistring generalization of the Burrows-Wheeler Transform (BWT): large requirements of…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2020-12-07 Paola Bonizzoni , Gianluca Della Vedova , Yuri Pirola , Marco Previtali , Raffaella Rizzi

The Burrows Wheeler transform has applications in data compression as well as full text indexing. Despite its important applications and various existing algorithmic approaches the construction of the transform for large data sets is still…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2016-04-25 German Tischler

In this paper, we present the first study of the computational complexity of converting an automata-based text index structure, called the Compact Directed Acyclic Word Graph (CDAWG), of size $e$ for a text $T$ of length $n$ into other text…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2023-08-07 Hiroki Arimura , Shunsuke Inenaga , Yasuaki Kobayashi , Yuto Nakashima , Mizuki Sue

The Positional Burrows-Wheeler Transform (PBWT) is a fundamental data structure for the efficient representation and analysis of large-scale haplotype panels. For a panel of $h$ sequences $\{S_1, \dots, S_h\}$ over $m$ sites, a key…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2026-05-07 Paola Bonizzoni , Travis Gagie , Younan Gao

A standard format used for storing the output of high-throughput sequencing experiments is the FASTQ format. It comprises three main components: (i) headers, (ii) bases (nucleotide sequences), and (iii) quality scores. FASTQ files are…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2023-04-19 Veronica Guerrini , Felipe A. Louza , Giovanna Rosone

Given a string $T$ on an alphabet of size $\sigma$, we describe a bidirectional Burrows-Wheeler index that takes $O(|T|\log{\sigma})$ bits of space, and that supports the addition \emph{and removal} of one character, on the left or right…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2019-06-11 Fabio Cunial , Djamal Belazzougui

Cartesian tree matching is a form of generalized pattern matching where a substring of the text matches with the pattern if they share the same Cartesian tree. This form of matching finds application for time series of stock prices and can…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2024-11-20 Eric M. Osterkamp , Dominik Köppl

Consider an input text string T[1,N] drawn from an unbounded alphabet. We study partial computation in suffix-based problems for Data Compression and Text Indexing such as (I) retrieve any segment of K<=N consecutive symbols from the…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2011-10-18 Gianni Franceschini , Roberto Grossi , S. Muthukrishnan

When building Burrows-Wheeler Transforms (BWTs) of truly huge datasets, prefix-free parsing (PFP) can use an unreasonable amount of memory. In this paper we show how if a dataset can be broken down into small datasets that are not very…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2025-06-09 Diego Diaz-Dominguez , Travis Gagie , Veronica Guerrini , Ben Langmead , Zsuzsanna Liptak , Giovanni Manzini , Francesco Masillo , Vikram Shivakumar

With the popularity of the recent Transformer-based models represented by BERT, GPT-3 and ChatGPT, there has been state-of-the-art performance in a range of natural language processing tasks. However, the massive computations, huge memory…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-04-04 Gaochen Dong , Wei Chen

Let $T [1..n]$ be a text over an alphabet of size $\sigma \in \mathrm{polylog} (n)$, let $r^*$ be the sum of the numbers of runs in the Burrows-Wheeler Transforms of $T$ and its reverse, and let $z$ be the number of phrases in the LZ77…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2025-08-19 Travis Gagie

Bearing data compression is vital to manage the large volumes of data generated during condition monitoring. In this paper, a novel asymmetrical autoencoder with a lifting wavelet transform (LWT) layer is developed to compress bearing…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-01-22 Xin Zhu , Ahmet Enis Cetin

Recently, Holt and McMillan [Bionformatics 2014, ACM-BCB 2014] have proposed a simple and elegant algorithm to merge the Burrows-Wheeler transforms of a family of strings. In this paper we show that the H&M algorithm can be improved so…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2016-09-16 Giovanni Manzini

Grammar compression is, next to Lempel-Ziv (LZ77) and run-length Burrows-Wheeler transform (RLBWT), one of the most flexible approaches to representing and processing highly compressible strings. The main idea is to represent a text as a…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2022-01-06 Dominik Kempa , Ben Langmead

Mantaci et al. [TCS 2007] defined the eBWT to extend the definition of the BWT to a collection of strings, however, since this introduction, it has been used more generally to describe any BWT of a collection of strings and the fundamental…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2021-06-22 Christina Boucher , Davide Cenzato , Zsuzsanna Lipták , Massimiliano Rossi , Marinella Sciortino

A wavelet forest for a text $T [1..n]$ over an alphabet $\sigma$ takes $n H_0 (T) + o (n \log \sigma)$ bits of space and supports access and rank on $T$ in $O (\log \sigma)$ time. K\"arkk\"ainen and Puglisi (2011) implicitly introduced…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2023-08-16 Christina Boucher , Travis Gagie , Aaron Hong , Yansong Li , Norbert Zeh

Today there are many universal compression algorithms, but in most cases is for specific data better using specific algorithm - JPEG for images, MPEG for movies, etc. For textual documents there are special methods based on PPM algorithm or…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2008-12-18 Jan Platos , Jiri Dvorsky

The k-spectrum of a string is the set of all distinct substrings of length k occurring in the string. K-spectra have many applications in bioinformatics including pseudoalignment and genome assembly. The Spectral Burrows-Wheeler Transform…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2023-06-09 Jarno N. Alanko , Elena Biagi , Simon J. Puglisi
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