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Reinforcement Learning (RL) is a learning paradigm concerned with learning to control a system so as to maximize an objective over the long term. This approach to learning has received immense interest in recent times and success manifests…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2018-07-26 Sanyam Kapoor

Reinforcement learning (RL) is a popular machine learning paradigm for game playing, robotics control, and other sequential decision tasks. However, RL agents often have long learning times with high data requirements because they begin by…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-02-05 Matthew E. Taylor , Nicholas Nissen , Yuan Wang , Neda Navidi

We study reinforcement learning (RL) for text-based games, which are interactive simulations in the context of natural language. While different methods have been developed to represent the environment information and language actions,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-12-29 Yunqiu Xu , Meng Fang , Ling Chen , Yali Du , Joey Tianyi Zhou , Chengqi Zhang

The emerging field of Reinforcement Learning (RL) has led to impressive results in varied domains like strategy games, robotics, etc. This handout aims to give a simple introduction to RL from control perspective and discuss three possible…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-03-09 Farnaz Adib Yaghmaie , Lennart Ljung

In this paper, we propose ELF, an Extensive, Lightweight and Flexible platform for fundamental reinforcement learning research. Using ELF, we implement a highly customizable real-time strategy (RTS) engine with three game environments…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2017-11-13 Yuandong Tian , Qucheng Gong , Wenling Shang , Yuxin Wu , C. Lawrence Zitnick

The growing prevalence of artificial intelligence (AI) in various applications underscores the need for agents that can successfully navigate and adapt to an ever-changing, open-ended world. A key challenge is ensuring these AI agents are…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-12-10 Mikayel Samvelyan

Games are widely used as research environments for multi-agent reinforcement learning (MARL), but they pose three significant challenges: limited customization, high computational demands, and oversimplification. To address these issues, we…

Multiagent Systems · Computer Science 2024-06-18 Lin Liu , Jian Zhao , Cheng Hu , Zhengtao Cao , Youpeng Zhao , Zhenbin Ye , Meng Meng , Wenjun Wang , Zhaofeng He , Houqiang Li , Xia Lin , Lanxiao Huang

Reinforcement Learning is a promising tool for learning complex policies even in fast-moving and object-interactive domains where human teleoperation or hard-coded policies might fail. To effectively reflect this challenging category of…

Recent years have witnessed significant advances in reinforcement learning (RL), which has registered great success in solving various sequential decision-making problems in machine learning. Most of the successful RL applications, e.g.,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-04-30 Kaiqing Zhang , Zhuoran Yang , Tamer Başar

Reinforcement learning (RL) tasks are challenging to implement, execute and test due to algorithmic instability, hyper-parameter sensitivity, and heterogeneous distributed communication patterns. We argue for the separation of logical…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-03-04 Michael Schaarschmidt , Sven Mika , Kai Fricke , Eiko Yoneki

In typical reinforcement learning (RL), the environment is assumed given and the goal of the learning is to identify an optimal policy for the agent taking actions through its interactions with the environment. In this paper, we extend this…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2019-10-25 Haifeng Zhang , Jun Wang , Zhiming Zhou , Weinan Zhang , Ying Wen , Yong Yu , Wenxin Li

Robust reinforcement learning is the problem of learning control policies that provide optimal worst-case performance against a span of adversarial environments. It is a crucial ingredient for deploying algorithms in real-world scenarios…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-06-13 Adil Zouitine , David Bertoin , Pierre Clavier , Matthieu Geist , Emmanuel Rachelson

This research project investigates the application of several computer vision techniques for playing card detection and recognition in the context of the popular casino game, blackjack. The primary objective is to develop a robust system…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-04-02 Krishnanshu Gupta , Devon Bolt , Ben Hinchliff

Reinforcement Learning (RL) is essential for evolving Large Language Models (LLMs) into autonomous agents capable of long-horizon planning, yet a practical recipe for scaling RL in complex, multi-turn environments remains elusive. This…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-24 Xixi Wu , Qianguo Sun , Ruiyang Zhang , Chao Song , Junlong Wu , Yiyan Qi , Hong Cheng

The desire to make applications and machines more intelligent and the aspiration to enable their operation without human interaction have been driving innovations in neural networks, deep learning, and other machine learning techniques.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-09-30 Fadi AlMahamid , Katarina Grolinger

Reinforcement Learning (RL) is a popular machine learning paradigm where intelligent agents interact with the environment to fulfill a long-term goal. Driven by the resurgence of deep learning, Deep RL (DRL) has witnessed great success over…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-09-01 Yunpeng Qing , Shunyu Liu , Jie Song , Yang Zhou , Kaixuan Chen , Huiqiong Wang , Mingli Song

Although most reinforcement learning research has centered on competitive games, little work has been done on applying it to co-operative multiplayer games or text-based games. Codenames is a board game that involves both asymmetric…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-01-02 Sherman Siu

In recent years, Reinforcement Learning (RL), has become a popular field of study as well as a tool for enterprises working on cutting-edge artificial intelligence research. To this end, many researchers have built RL frameworks such as…

Training reinforcement learning agents at solving a given task is highly dependent on identifying optimal sets of hyperparameters and selecting suitable environment input / output configurations. This tedious process could be eased with a…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-03-03 Pierre Aumjaud , David McAuliffe , Francisco Javier Rodríguez Lera , Philip Cardiff

Reinforcement Learning (RL) agents have great successes in solving tasks with large observation and action spaces from limited feedback. Still, training the agents is data-intensive and there are no guarantees that the learned behavior is…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2021-10-20 Helge Spieker