Related papers: All Trees are Seven-Cordial

We prove that every tree on $n$ edges decomposes $K_{nx,nx}$ and $K_{2nx + 1}$ for all positive integers $x$. The said decompositions are obtained by proving that every tree admits a $\vec{\beta}$-labeling (oriented beta-labeling). Our…

The Gy\'arf\'as tree packing conjecture asserts that any set of trees with $2,3, ..., k$ vertices has an (edge-disjoint) packing into the complete graph on $k$ vertices. Gy\'arf\'as and Lehel proved that the conjecture holds in some special…

Let $k\geq2$ be an integer. A $k$-tree is a tree with maximum degree at most $k$. In this paper, we give a closure result on spanning $k$-trees of graphs with given minimum degree. Let $\delta\geq1$ be an integer, and $G$ be a connected…

A variant of the Erd\H{o}s-S\'os conjecture, posed by Havet, Reed, Stein and Wood, states that every graph with minimum degree at least $\lfloor 2k/3 \rfloor$ and maximum degree at least $k$ contains a copy of every tree with $k$ edges.…

A tree with at most $k$ leaves is called a $k$-ended tree. A spanning 2-ended tree is a Hamilton path. A Hamilton cycle can be considered as a spanning 1-ended tree. The earliest result concerning spanning trees with few leaves states that…

A graph G=(V,E) with m edges is graceful if it has a distinct vertex labeling f, a map from V into the set{0,1,2,3,...,m} which induces a distinct edge labeling |f(u)-f(v)| for edges uv in E. The famous Ringel-Kotzig conjecture (1964) is…

A tree in an edge-colored graph $G$ is said to be a rainbow tree if no two edges on the tree share the same color. Given two positive integers $k$, $\ell$ with $k\geq 3$, the \emph{$(k,\ell)$-rainbow index} $rx_{k,\ell}(G)$ of $G$ is the…

Mader [J. Combin. Theory Ser. B 40 (1986) 152-158] proved that every $k$-edge-connected graph $G$ with minimum degree at least $k+1$ contains a vertex $u$ such that $G-\{u\}$ is still $k$-edge-connected. In this paper, we prove that every…

Let ${\cal T}=(T,w)$ be a weighted finite tree with leaves $1,..., n$. For any $I :=\{i_1,..., i_k \} \subset \{1,...,n\}$, let $D_I ({\cal T})$ be the weight of the minimal subtree of $T$ connecting $i_1,..., i_k$; the $D_{I} ({\cal T})$…

We give a short and direct proof of a remarkable identity that arises in the enumeration of labeled trees with respect to their indegree sequence, where all edges are oriented from the vertex with lower label towards the vertex with higher…

Let $G$ be a connected graph and $T$ a spanning tree of $G$. Let $\rho(G)$ denote the adjacency spectral radius of $G$. The $k$-excess of a vertex $v$ in $T$ is defined as $\max\{0,d_T(v)-k\}$. The total $k$-excess $\mbox{te}(T,k)$ is…

Graceful tree conjecture is a well-known open problem in graph theory. Here we present a computational approach to this conjecture. An algorithm for finding graceful labelling for trees is proposed. With this algorithm, we show that every…

Hasunuma [J. Graph Theory 102 (2023) 423-435] conjectured that for any tree $T$ of order $m$, every $k$-connected (or $k$-edge-connected) graph $G$ with minimum degree at least $k+m-1$ contains a tree $T'\cong T$ such that $G-E(T')$ is…

The Erd\H{o}s-S\'os Conjecture states that every graph with average degree exceeding $k-1$ contains every tree with $k$ edges as a subgraph. We prove that there are $\delta>0$ and $k_0\in\mathbb N$ such that the conjecture holds for every…

An edge in a $k$-connected graph $G$ is called {\em $k$-contractible} if the graph $G/e$ obtained from $G$ by contracting $e$ is $k$-connected. Generalizing earlier results on $3$-contractible edges in spanning trees of $3$-connected…

A graph $G$ is conflict-free $k$-edge-colorable if there exists an assignment of $k$ colors to $E(G)$ such that for every edge $e\in E(G)$, there is a color that is assigned to exactly one edge among the closed neighborhood of $e$. The…

Let T=(V,E) be a tree with vertex set V and edge set E. A graceful labelling f of T is an injective function f from V into {0, 1, ..., |E|} such that if edge uv is assigned the label g(uv)=|f(u)-f(v)| then the function g from E into {1,…

A vertex of degree one is called an end-vertex, and an end-vertex of a tree is called a leaf. A tree with at most $k$ leaves is called a $k$-ended tree. For a positive integer $k$, let $t_k$ be the order of a largest $k$-ended tree. Let…

If $A$ is a finite Abelian group, then a labeling $f \colon E (G) \rightarrow A$ of the edges of some graph $G$ induces a vertex labeling on $G$; the vertex $u$ receives the label $\sum_{v\in N(u)}f (v)$, where $N(u)$ is an open…

For a labeled tree on the vertex set $\set{1,2,\ldots,n}$, the local direction of each edge $(i\,j)$ is from $i$ to $j$ if $i<j$. For a rooted tree, there is also a natural global direction of edges towards the root. The number of edges…