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Magnetization reversal of a perpendicular ferromagnetic free layer by spin-orbit torque (SOT) is an attractive alternative to spin-transfer torque (STT) switching in magnetic random-access memory (MRAM) where the write process involves…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2015-11-19 Yong-Chang Lau , Davide Betto , Karsten Rode , JMD Coey , Plamen Stamenov

Current-induced spin-orbit torques (SOTs) are of interest for fast and energy-efficient manipulation of magnetic order in spintronic devices. To be deterministic, however, switching of perpendicularly magnetized materials by SOT requires a…

Current-induced magnetization switching by spin-orbit torque (SOT) holds considerable promise for next generation ultralow-power memory and logic applications. In most cases, generation of spin-orbit torques has relied on an external…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2020-03-03 Yu Sheng , Yi Cao , Kevin William Edmonds , Yang Ji , Houzhi Zheng , Kaiyou Wang

The spin-orbit torque device is promising as a candidate for next generation magnetic memory, while the static in-plane field needed to induce deterministic switching is a main obstacle for its application in highly integrated circuits.…

Magnetization switching by current-induced spin-orbit torques (SOTs) is of great interest due to its potential applications for ultralow-power memory and logic devices. In order to be of technological interest, SOT effects need to switch…

Spin-orbit-torque (SOT) induced magnetization switching in Co/Pt/Co trilayer, with two Co layers exhibiting magnetization easy axes orthogonal to each other is investigated. Pt layer is used as a source of spin-polarized current as it is…

Magnetization switching by spin-orbit torque (SOT) via spin Hall effect represents as a competitive alternative to that by spin-transfer torque (STT) used for magnetoresistive random access memory (MRAM), as it does not require high-density…

Materials Science · Physics 2019-02-19 Yang Liu , Bing Zhou , Jian-Gang Zhu

Field-free switching of perpendicularly magnetized ferromagnetic layer by spin orbit torque (SOT) from the spin Hall effect (SHE) is of great interest in the applications of magnetic memory devices. In this paper, we investigate the…

Applied Physics · Physics 2020-04-22 Kai Wu , Diqing Su , Renata Saha , Jian-Ping Wang

Realizing deterministic current-induced spin-orbit torque (SOT) magnetization switching, especially in systems exhibiting perpendicular magnetic anisotropy (PMA), typically requires the application of a collinear in-plane field, posing a…

Applied Physics · Physics 2024-07-08 Zhe Zhang , Zhuoyi Li , Yuzhe Chen , Fangyuan Zhu , Yu Yan , Yao Li , Liang He , Jun Du , Rong Zhang , Jing Wu , Xianyang Lu , Yongbing Xu

Spin-orbit torque (SOT)-induced magnetization switching shows promise for realizing ultrafast and reliable spintronics devices. Bipolar switching of perpendicular magnetization via SOT is achieved under an in-plane magnetic field collinear…

Materials Science · Physics 2016-05-04 Shunsuke Fukami , Chaoliang Zhang , Samik DuttaGupta , Hideo Ohno

Current-induced spin-orbit torques (SOTs) enable fast and efficient manipulation of the magnetic state of magnetic tunnel junctions (MTJs), making it attractive for memory, in-memory computing, and logic applications. However, the…

Spin-orbit torques (SOTs) generated through the conventional spin Hall effect (SHE) and/or Rashba-Edelstein effect offer potential for magnetization manipulation. However, deterministic switching of perpendicular ferromagnets via SOTs…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2025-06-11 Zelalem Abebe Bekele , Yuan-Yuan Jiang , Kun Lei , Xiukai Lan , Xiangyu Liu , Hui Wen , Ding-Fu Shao , Kaiyou Wang

We report that synthetic antiferromagnets (SAFs) can be efficiently switched by spin-orbit torques (SOTs) and the switching scheme does not obey the usual SOT switching rule. We show that both the positive and negative spin Hall angle…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2017-04-04 Chong Bi , Hamid Almasi , Kyle Price , Ty Newhouse-Illige , Meng Xu , Shane R. Allen , Xin Fan , Weigang Wang

Recently, it was demonstrated that field-free switching could be achieved by combining spin-orbit torque (SOT) and Dzyaloshinskii-Moriya interaction (DMI). However, this mechanism only occurs under certain conditions which have not been…

Applied Physics · Physics 2021-02-24 Min Wang , Zhaohao Wang , Xueying Zhang , Weisheng Zhao

Field-free switching of perpendicular magnetization has been observed in an epitaxial L1$_1$-ordered CoPt/CuPt bilayer and attributed to spin-orbit torque (SOT) arising from the crystallographic $3m$ point group of the interface. Using a…

Materials Science · Physics 2024-12-31 Wuzhang Fang , Edward Schwartz , Alexey A. Kovalev , K. D. Belashchenko

All-electrical and programmable manipulations of ferromagnetic bits are highly pursued for the aim of high integration and low energy consumption in modern information technology. Methods based on the spin-orbit torque switching in heavy…

Spin-orbit torque (SOT) induced magnetisation switching in CoFeB/Ta/CoFeB trilayer with two CoFeB layers exhibiting in-plane magnetic anisotropy (IPMA) and perpendicular magnetic anisotropy (PMA) is investigated. Interlayer exchange…

For deterministic magnetization switching by spin-orbit torque (SOT) in a perpendicular magnetic anisotropy system, an additional in-plane direction magnetic field is essential for deterministic switching by breaking the magnetization…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2022-06-29 Suhyeok An , Hyeong-Joo Seo , Eunchong Baek , Soobeom Lee , Chun-Yeol You

Deterministic magnetization switching using spin-orbit torque (SOT) has recently emerged as an efficient means to electrically control the magnetic state of ultrathin magnets. The SOT switching still lacks in oscillatory switching…

Accurate quantification of the spin-orbit torques (SOTs) is critical for the identification and applications of new spin-orbitronic effects. One of the most popular techniques to qualify the SOTs is the switching angle shift, where the…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2025-09-10 Xiaomiao Yin , Guanglei Han , Guowen Gong , Jun Kang , Changmin Xiong , Lijun Zhu
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