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Reinforcement learning (RL) has become a pivotal technology in the post-training phase of large language models (LLMs). Traditional task-colocated RL frameworks suffer from significant scalability bottlenecks, while task-separated RL…

In this paper, a new dual function fault current limiter-dynamic voltage restorer (FCL-DVR) topology is proposed. The proposed structure, in addition to performing routine FCL tasks, can be used to improve the voltage quality of point of…

Fine-tuning pre-trained large language models (LLMs) in a distributed manner poses significant challenges on resource-constrained edge networks. To address this challenge, we propose SflLLM, a novel framework that integrates split federated…

Modern communication and computer systems require rapid (Gbps), efficient and large bandwidth data transfers. Agressive scaling of digital integrated systems allow buses and communication controller circuits to be integrated with the…

We have studied the dynamics of a spin-torque nanooscillator's (STNO) phase locked loop (PLL) generating microwave oscillations in a broad range of frequencies under the effect of direct current and external magnetic field. Bifurcations in…

Digital single-flux quantum (SFQ) technology promises to meet the demands of ultra low power and high speed computing needed for future exascale supercomputing systems. The combination of ultra high clock frequencies, gate-level pipelines,…

For time-frequency (TF) domain speech enhancement (SE) methods, the overlap-and-add operation in the inverse TF transformation inevitably leads to an algorithmic delay equal to the window size. However, typical causal SE systems fail to…

We consider a frame-asynchronous coded slotted ALOHA (FA-CSA) system where users become active according to a Poisson random process. In contrast to standard frame-synchronous CSA (FS-CSA), users transmit a first replica of their message in…

In FEL (Free-Electron Laser) accelerators, LLRF (Low-Level Radiofrequency) systems usually deploy feedback or feedforward algorithms requiring precise microwave measurement. The slow drift of the clock allocation network of LLRF…

Decomposition of any Boolean Function BF_n of n binary inputs into an optimal inverter coupled network of Symmetric Boolean functions SF_k (k \leq n) is described. Each SF component is implemented by Threshold Logic Cells, forming a…

In the framework of optical high data rate satellite-to-ground links, we investigate the performance of a coherent receiver which combines an adaptive optics system and a digital carrier synchronization technique. We propose a digital…

Large language models (LLMs) use function calls to interface with external tools and data source. However, the current approach to LLM function calling is inherently synchronous, where each call blocks LLM inference, limiting LLM operation…

Federated Learning (FL) has gained popularity for fine-tuning large language models (LLMs) across multiple nodes, each with its own private data. While LoRA has been widely adopted for parameter efficient federated fine-tuning, recent…

In this work, we consider the problem of designing secure and efficient federated learning (FL) frameworks. Existing solutions either involve a trusted aggregator or require heavyweight cryptographic primitives, which degrades performance…

Continuous sign language recognition (SLR) aims to translate a signing sequence into a sentence. It is very challenging as sign language is rich in vocabulary, while many among them contain similar gestures and motions. Moreover, it is…

We consider a frame asynchronous coded slotted ALOHA (FA-CSA) system for uncoordinated multiple access, where users join the system on a slot-by-slot basis according to a Poisson random process and, in contrast to standard frame synchronous…

Digital filters for recursively computing the discrete Fourier transform (DFT) and estimating the frequency spectrum of sampled signals are examined, with an emphasis on magnitude-response and numerical stability. In this tutorial-style…

This paper studies a full-duplex filter-and-forward (FD-FF) relay system in frequency-selective channels. Conventionally, the loop-back signal at the FD relay is treated as harmful self-interference and needs to be significantly suppressed…

Identifying the start time of a sequence of symbols received at the receiver, commonly referred to as \emph{frame synchronization}, is a critical task for achieving good performance in digital communications systems employing…

Modern high-energy particle accelerators and Free-Electron Lasers incorporate large quantities of sensitive RF and microwave frequency devices distributed over kilometer distances. Such devices require extreme stable phase and time…