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The adaptive and innate branches of the vertebrate immune system work in close collaboration to protect organisms from harmful pathogens. As an organism ages its immune system undergoes immunosenescence, characterized by declined…
Hyperamylinemia, a condition characterized by above-normal blood levels of the pancreas-derived peptide amylin, accompanies obesity and precedes type II diabetes. Human amylin oligomerizes easily and can deposit in the pancreas, brain, and…
Early detection of inflammatory arthritis (IA) is critical to efficient and accurate hospital referral triage for timely treatment and preventing the deterioration of the IA disease course, especially under limited healthcare resources. The…
Immune cells recognize and discriminate antigens through immunological synapses - dynamic intercellular junctions exhibiting highly organized receptor-ligand patterns. While much work has focused on molecular kinetics and passive mechanisms…
The immune system is a complex biological system with a highly distributed, adaptive and self-organising nature. This paper presents an Artificial Immune System (AIS) that exploits some of these characteristics and is applied to the task of…
Pain and physical function are both essential indices of recovery in critically ill patients in the Intensive Care Units (ICU). Simultaneous monitoring of pain intensity and patient activity can be important for determining which analgesic…
In the present paper, an asymptotic model is constructed for the short-time deformation of an articular cartilage layer modeled as transversely isotropic, transversely homogeneous (TITH) biphasic material. It is assumed that the layer…
Antibodies play an essential role in the immune response to viral infections, vaccination, or antibody therapy. Nevertheless, they can be either protective or harmful during the immune response. Moreover, competition or cooperation between…
We study localization driven solely by interparticle interactions in moir\'e lattice systems without intrinsic disorder or externally imposed quasiperiodic potentials. We consider a one-dimensional bilayer with incommensurate lattice…
Traditional detection methods of C-reactive protein (CRP) inflammation biomarker, in blood are expensive, time-consuming and labor-intensive. Such existing point-of-care CRP detection devices remain invasive, since they need blood sampling…
Artificial immune systems primarily mimic the adaptive nature of biological immune functions. Their ability to adapt to varying pathogens makes such systems a suitable choice for various robotic applications. Generally, AIS-based robotic…
We formulate the dynamical model for the anti-tumor immune response based on intercellular cytokine-mediated interactions with the interleukin-2 (IL-2) taken into account. The analysis shows that the expression level of tumor antigens on…
The possibility of observing correlation-driven charge migration has been a driving force behind theoretical and experimental developments in the field of attosecond molecular science since its inception. Despite significant…
Cell adhesion complexes (CACs), which are activated by ligand binding, play key roles in many cellular functions ranging from cell cycle regulation to mediation of cell extracellular matrix adhesion. Inspired by single molecule pulling…
Adhesion between a T cell and an antigen presenting cell is achieved by TCR-pMHC and LFA1-ICAM1 protein complexes. These segregate to form a special pattern, known as the immunological synapse (IS), consisting of a central quasi-circular…
Cold atmospheric plasma (CAP) is a near room temperature ionized gas, generated under non-equilibrium discharge conditions. Here we show that a short exposure of rat peritoneal exudate macrophages and T-cells to CAP in vitro, triggered an…
G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) represent a diverse and vital family of membrane proteins that mediate intracellular signaling in response to extracellular stimuli, playing critical roles in physiology and disease. Traditionally…
Despite on great success with artificial implant for human body, the modern implants could not solve major health problems. The reason is an immune reaction of organism on artificial implant known as foreign body reaction. We have found a…
Regulation of contraction in striated muscle is controlled by a dual mechanism involving both thin filaments containing actin and thick filaments containing myosin. The thin filament is activated by calcium ions binding to troponin, leading…
The design of exudate-managing wound dressings is an established route to accelerated healing, although such design remains a challenge from material and manufacturing standpoints. Aiming towards the clinical translation of knowledge gained…