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Viral infections trigger complex immune responses with heterogeneous outcomes shaped by nonlinear feedbacks. An ordinary differential equation model is developed to investigate immune response dynamics during viral infection, incorporating…

Quantitative Methods · Quantitative Biology 2025-10-08 Xiaoxin Wang , Kai Kang , Leyi Zhang , Changjing Zhuge

We investigate a mutual relationship between information and energy during early phase of LTP induction and maintenance in a large-scale system of mutually coupled dendritic spines, with discrete internal states and probabilistic dynamics,…

Neurons and Cognition · Quantitative Biology 2024-08-07 Jan Karbowski , Paulina Urban

Epithelial tissues form physically integrated barriers against the external environment protecting organs from infection and invasion. Within each tissue, epithelial cells respond to different challenges that can potentially compromise…

Dense Associative Memories or Modern Hopfield Networks have many appealing properties of associative memory. They can do pattern completion, store a large number of memories, and can be described using a recurrent neural network with a…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2021-07-29 Dmitry Krotov

Memristors have been suggested as neuromorphic computing elements. Spike-time dependent plasticity and the Hodgkin-Huxley model of the neuron have both been modelled effectively by memristor theory. The d.c. response of the memristor is a…

Emerging Technologies · Computer Science 2014-02-18 Deborah Gater , Attya Iqbal , Jeffrey Davey , Ella Gale

An improved version of the symmetrical immune network theory is presented, in which killing is ascribed to IgM antibodies, while IgG antibodies are stimulatory. A recurring theme in the symmetrical network theory is the concept of…

Adaptation and Self-Organizing Systems · Physics 2010-04-29 Geoffrey W. Hoffmann

The memristor, the recently discovered fundamental circuit element, is of great interest for neuromorphic computing, nonlinear electronics and computer memory. It is usually modelled either using Chua's equations, which lack material device…

Materials Science · Physics 2014-04-23 Ella Gale

In this paper we outline initial concepts for an immune inspired algorithm to evaluate price time series data. The proposed solution evolves a short term pool of trackers dynamically through a process of proliferation and mutation, with…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2010-07-05 William Wilson , Phil Birkin , Uwe Aickelin

The coming 5G networks have been enabling the creation of a wide variety of new services and applications which demand a new network security architecture. Immunology is the study of the immune system in vertebrates (including humans) which…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2020-01-28 Quan Yu , Jing Ren , Jiyan Zhang , Siyang Liu , Yinjin Fu , Ying Li , Linru Ma , Jian Jing , Wei Zhang

The emerging field of immunometabolism has underscored the central role of metabolic pathways in orchestrating immune cell function. Far from being passive background processes, metabolic activities actively regulate key immune responses.…

Cell Behavior · Quantitative Biology 2025-06-04 Sunayana Malla , Nabia Shahreen , Rajib Saha

Transmissible spongiform encephalopathies like the bovine spongiform encephalopathy (BSE) and the Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease (CJD) in humans are neurodegenerative diseases for which prions are the attributed pathogenic agents. A widely…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2009-11-10 A. S. Ferreira , M. A. A. da Silva , J. C. Cressoni

When the body gets infected by a pathogen the immune system develops pathogen-specific immunity. Induced immunity decays in time and years after recovery the host might become susceptible again. Exposure to the pathogen in the environment…

Dynamical Systems · Mathematics 2014-11-13 Maria Vittoria Barbarossa , Gergely Röst

The strategic induction of cell death serves as a crucial immune defense mechanism for the eradication of pathogenic infections within host cells. Investigating the molecular mechanisms underlying immunogenic cell pathways has significantly…

Molecular Networks · Quantitative Biology 2024-02-08 Chuang Li , Yichen Wei , Chao Qin , Shifan Chen , Xiaolong Shao

Cells are known to exert forces to sense their physical surroundings for guidance of motion and fate decisions. Here, we propose that cells might do mechanical work to drive their own evolution, taking inspiration from the adaptive immune…

Cell Behavior · Quantitative Biology 2023-03-29 Hongda Jiang , Shenshen Wang

Memory can be defined as the ability to retain and recall information in a diverse range of forms. It is a vital component of the way in which we as human beings operate on a day to day basis. Given a particular situation, decisions are…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2013-05-31 William Wilson , Uwe Aickelin

T lymphocytes (T cells) orchestrate adaptive immune responses upon activation. T cell activation requires sufficiently strong binding of T cell receptors (TCRs) on their surface to short peptides (p) derived from foreign proteins, which are…

Biological Physics · Physics 2016-06-22 Andrej Kosmrlj , Arup K. Chakraborty , Mehran Kardar , Eugene I. Shakhnovich

Affinity maturation of antibodies during immune responses is achieved by multiple rounds of somatic hypermutation and subsequent preferential selection of those B cells that express B cell receptors with improved binding characteristics for…

Cell Behavior · Quantitative Biology 2007-05-23 Michael Meyer-Hermann , Philip K. Maini , Dagmar Iber

The US and Hungarian statistical records of the years 1900 and 1896, respectively, before the dramatic medical advances, show 32% and 27% deaths attributable to infections, whereas only 5% and 2% due to cancer. These data can be interpreted…

Molecular Networks · Quantitative Biology 2016-03-03 Tibor Bakacs , Katalin Kristof , Jitendra Mehrishi , Tamas Szabados , Csaba Kerepesi , Enikoe Regoes , Gabor Tusnady

Proteins have been empirically linked to memory. If memory relates to protein structure, then each conformation would_functionally_ code only one bit, making it difficult to explain large memories. Nor is there a simple way to relate memory…

General Physics · Physics 2011-07-22 C. K. Raju

Dengue viral infections show unique infection patterns arising from its four serot- ypes, (DENV-1,2,3,4). Its effects range from simple fever in primary infections to potentially fatal secondary infections. We analytically and numerically…

Adaptation and Self-Organizing Systems · Physics 2013-06-12 Tanvi P. Gujarati , G. Ambika