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Point-spread function (PSF) estimation in spatially undersampled images is challenging because large pixels average fine-scale spatial information. This is problematic when fine-resolution details are necessary, as in optimal photometry…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2021-02-03 Teresa Symons , Michael Zemcov , James Bock , Yun-Ting Cheng , Brendan Crill , Christopher Hirata , Stephanie Venuto

Dark-field X-ray Microscopy (DFXM) is a novel diffraction-based imaging technique that non-destructively maps the local deformation from crystalline defects in bulk materials. While studies have demonstrated that DFXM can spatially map 3D…

In this work, we develop several inference methods to estimate the position of dislocations from images generated using dark-field X-ray microscopy (DFXM) -- achieving superresolution accuracy and principled uncertainty quantification.…

Materials Science · Physics 2022-09-01 Michael C. Brennan , Marylesa Howard , Youssef Marzouk , Leora E. Dresselhaus-Marais

The desire for wide-field of view, large fractional bandwidth, high sensitivity, high spectral and temporal resolution has driven radio interferometry to the point of big data revolution where the data is represented in at least three…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2020-09-30 M. Atemkeng , O. Smirnov , C. Tasse , G. Foster , S. Makhathini

Diffusions are a successful technique to sample from high-dimensional distributions. The target distribution can be either explicitly given or learnt from a collection of samples. They implement a diffusion process whose endpoint is a…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-09-03 Andrea Montanari

We introduce a novel framework for upsampled Point Spread Function (PSF) modeling using pixel-level Bayesian inference. Accurate PSF characterization is critical for precision measurements in many fields including: weak lensing, astrometry,…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2025-11-26 Connor Stone , Ronan Legin , Alexandre Adam , Nikolay Malkin , Gabriel Missael Barco , Laurence Perreaul-Levasseur , Yashar Hezaveh

Fourier ptychographic microscopy allows for the collection of images with a high space-bandwidth product at the cost of temporal resolution. In Fourier ptychographic microscopy, the light source of a conventional widefield microscope is…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2019-01-30 Yi Fei Cheng , Megan Strachan , Zachary Weiss , Moniher Deb , Dawn Carone , Vidya Ganapati

Camera localization aims to estimate 6 DoF camera poses from RGB images. Traditional methods detect and match interest points between a query image and a pre-built 3D model. Recent learning-based approaches encode scene structures into a…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-04-01 Shitao Tang , Chengzhou Tang , Rui Huang , Siyu Zhu , Ping Tan

Three-photon (3P) microscopy is getting traction due to its superior performance in deep tissues. Yet, aberrations and light scattering still pose one of the main limitations in the attainable depth ranges for high-resolution imaging. Here,…

Single-molecule microscopy has become an indispensable tool for biochemical analysis. The capability of characterizing distinct properties of individual molecules without averaging has provided us with a different perspective for the…

Applied Physics · Physics 2020-05-21 Miao-Hsuan Chien , Silvan Schmid

Over the last decade, scanning transmission electron microscopy (STEM) has emerged as a powerful tool for probing atomic structures of complex materials with picometer precision, opening the pathway toward exploring ferroelectric,…

Data Analysis, Statistics and Probability · Physics 2021-12-23 Ayana Ghosh , Christopher T. Nelson , Mark Oxley , Xiaohang Zhang , Maxim Ziatdinov , Ichiro Takeuchi , Sergei V. Kalinin

Mechanical properties in crystals are strongly correlated to the arrangement of 1D line defects, termed dislocations. Recently, Dark field X-ray Microscopy (DFXM) has emerged as a new tool to image and interpret dislocations within crystals…

Materials Science · Physics 2026-01-13 Pin-Hua Huang , Ryan Coffee , Leora Dresselhaus-Marais

Imaging with a layered superlens is a spatial filtering operation characterized by the point spread function (PSF). We show that in the same optical system the image of a narrow sub-wavelength Gaussian incident field may be surprisingly…

Optics · Physics 2010-04-08 Rafal Kotynski , Tomasz Stefaniuk

We present a theoretical analysis of the measuring algorithm we use when applying the Diffracto-Astrometry technique to Hubble Space Telescope Wide Field Planetary Camera 2 (WFPC2) saturated stellar images. Theoretical Point Spread…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2015-05-30 A. Ruelas-Mayorga , L. J. Sanchez , J. Olivares , C. Allen , A. Poveda , R. Costero , A. Nigoche-Netro

We propose a new approach for reconstructing the 3D spatial distribution of small dislocation loops (DLs) from 2D TEM micrographs. This method is demonstrated for small DLs in tungsten, formed by low-dose ion-implantation, that appear as…

Materials Science · Physics 2018-04-04 Hongbing Yu , Xiaoou Yi , Felix Hofmann

We present a real-time approach for image-based localization within large scenes that have been reconstructed offline using structure from motion (Sfm). From monocular video, our method continuously computes a precise 6-DOF camera pose, by…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2015-03-20 Hyon Lim , Sudipta Sinha , Michael Cohen , Matt Uyttendaele

Pansharpening is a significant image fusion technique that merges the spatial content and spectral characteristics of remote sensing images to generate high-resolution multispectral images. Recently, denoising diffusion probabilistic models…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-04-18 Yu Zhong , Xiao Wu , Liang-Jian Deng , Zihan Cao

Direct imaging of exoplanets is limited by bright quasi-static speckles in the point spread function (PSF) of the central star. This limitation can be reduced by subtraction of reference PSF images. We have developed an algorithm to…

Astrophysics · Physics 2011-02-11 David Lafreniere , Christian Marois , Rene Doyon , Daniel Nadeau , Etienne Artigau

Modern agricultural applications rely more and more on deep learning solutions. However, training well-performing deep networks requires a large amount of annotated data that may not be available and in the case of 3D annotation may not…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-04-19 George Retsinas , Niki Efthymiou , Petros Maragos

Although deep-learning based methods for monocular pedestrian detection have made great progress, they are still vulnerable to heavy occlusions. Using multi-view information fusion is a potential solution but has limited applications, due…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-07-26 Rui Qiu , Ming Xu , Yuyao Yan , Jeremy S. Smith , Xi Yang