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Dialog evaluation is a challenging problem, especially for non task-oriented dialogs where conversational success is not well-defined. We propose to evaluate dialog quality using topic-based metrics that describe the ability of a…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2018-01-12 Fenfei Guo , Angeliki Metallinou , Chandra Khatri , Anirudh Raju , Anu Venkatesh , Ashwin Ram

In this paper we present the results of our experiments in training and deploying a self-supervised retrieval-based chatbot trained with contrastive learning for assisting customer support agents. In contrast to most existing research…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-08-18 Kristen Moore , Shenjun Zhong , Zhen He , Torsten Rudolf , Nils Fisher , Brandon Victor , Neha Jindal

To integrate seamlessly into real-world software engineering, Code Agents must evolve from passive instruction followers into proactive collaborative partners. However, current evaluation paradigms predominantly reward "guessing" user…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2026-03-03 Jialin Li , Yuan Wu , Yi Chang

Contrastive explanations for understanding the behavior of black box models has gained a lot of attention recently as they provide potential for recourse. In this paper, we propose a method Contrastive Attributed explanations for Text (CAT)…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-11-03 Saneem Chemmengath , Amar Prakash Azad , Ronny Luss , Amit Dhurandhar

Recently, the development of open-source large language models (LLMs) has advanced rapidly. Nevertheless, due to data constraints, the capabilities of most open-source LLMs are primarily focused on English. To address this issue, we…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-06-10 Shih-Cheng Huang , Pin-Zu Li , Yu-Chi Hsu , Kuang-Ming Chen , Yu Tung Lin , Shih-Kai Hsiao , Richard Tzong-Han Tsai , Hung-yi Lee

Cross-validation is a standard tool for obtaining a honest assessment of the performance of a prediction model. The commonly used version repeatedly splits data, trains the prediction model on the training set, evaluates the model…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2025-10-10 Tianyu Pan , Vincent Z. Yu , Viswanath Devanarayan , Lu Tian

Despite the recent success of scene text detection methods, common evaluation metrics fail to provide a fair and reliable comparison among detectors. They have obvious drawbacks in reflecting the inherent characteristic of text detection…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2019-07-03 Chae Young Lee , Youngmin Baek , Hwalsuk Lee

We propose a generic and interpretable learning framework for building robust text classification model that achieves accuracy comparable to full models under test-time budget constraints. Our approach learns a selector to identify words…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-09-17 Md Rizwan Parvez , Tolga Bolukbasi , Kai-Wei Chang , Venkatesh Saligrama

This paper presents a comprehensive study on resume classification to reduce the time and labor needed to screen an overwhelming number of applications significantly, while improving the selection of suitable candidates. A total of 6,492…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-11-06 Changmao Li , Elaine Fisher , Rebecca Thomas , Steve Pittard , Vicki Hertzberg , Jinho D. Choi

Assessing teachers' pedagogical content knowledge (PCK) through performance-based tasks is both time and effort-consuming. While large language models (LLMs) offer new opportunities for efficient automatic scoring, little is known about…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-05-27 Yaxuan Yang , Shiyu Wang , Xiaoming Zhai

Hate speech is a severe issue that affects many online platforms. So far, several studies have been performed to develop robust hate speech detection systems. Large language models like ChatGPT have recently shown a great promise in…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-05-24 Mithun Das , Saurabh Kumar Pandey , Animesh Mukherjee

Most studies on word-level Quality Estimation (QE) of machine translation focus on language-specific models. The obvious disadvantages of these approaches are the need for labelled data for each language pair and the high cost required to…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-06-02 Tharindu Ranasinghe , Constantin Orasan , Ruslan Mitkov

While Large Language Models show remarkable performance in natural language understanding, their resource-intensive nature makes them less accessible. In contrast, smaller language models such as MiniCPM offer more sustainable scalability,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-08-05 Trapoom Ukarapol , Zhicheng Lee , Amy Xin

The composition of pre-training datasets for large language models (LLMs) remains largely undisclosed, hindering transparency and efforts to optimize data quality, a critical driver of model performance. Current data selection methods, such…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-08-07 Xinlin Zhuang , Jiahui Peng , Ren Ma , Yinfan Wang , Tianyi Bai , Xingjian Wei , Jiantao Qiu , Chi Zhang , Ying Qian , Conghui He

Language models have shown promise in various tasks but can be affected by undesired data during training, fine-tuning, or alignment. For example, if some unsafe conversations are wrongly annotated as safe ones, the model fine-tuned on…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-03-26 Zhaowei Zhu , Jialu Wang , Hao Cheng , Yang Liu

Human evaluation has been widely accepted as the standard for evaluating chat-oriented dialogue systems. However, there is a significant variation in previous work regarding who gets recruited as evaluators. Evaluator groups such as domain…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-09-18 Sarah E. Finch , James D. Finch , Jinho D. Choi

Evaluating the quality of multi-turn chatbot interactions remains challenging, as most existing methods assess interactions at the turn level without addressing whether a user's overarching goal was fulfilled. A ``goal'' here refers to an…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-10-07 Deepak Babu Piskala , Sharlene Chen , Udita Patel , Parul Kalra , Rafael Castrillo

As the main workhorse for model selection, Cross Validation (CV) has achieved an empirical success due to its simplicity and intuitiveness. However, despite its ubiquitous role, CV often falls into the following notorious dilemmas. On the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-12-29 Weikai Li , Chuanxing Geng , Songcan Chen

This study explores using Natural Language Processing (NLP) to analyze candidate comments for identifying problematic test items. We developed and validated machine learning models that automatically identify relevant negative feedback,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-04-10 Ye , Ma

In this paper, we describe Chat-Bot-Kit, a web-based tool for text-based chats that we designed for research purposes in computer-mediated communication (CMC). Chat-Bot-Kit enables to carry out language studies on text-based real-time chats…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2019-11-05 Kyoko Sugisaki