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Post-training of LLMs with RLHF, and subsequently preference optimization algorithms such as DPO, IPO, etc., made a big difference in improving human alignment. However, all such techniques can only work with a single (human) objective. In…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-05-19 Akhil Agnihotri , Rahul Jain , Deepak Ramachandran , Zheng Wen

Turn-taking, aiming to decide when the next speaker can start talking, is an essential component in building human-robot spoken dialogue systems. Previous studies indicate that multimodal cues can facilitate this challenging task. However,…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2022-04-22 Jiudong Yang , Peiying Wang , Yi Zhu , Mingchao Feng , Meng Chen , Xiaodong He

Generating relevant responses in a dialog is challenging, and requires not only proper modeling of context in the conversation but also being able to generate fluent sentences during inference. In this paper, we propose a two-step framework…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-11-04 Kashif Khan , Gaurav Sahu , Vikash Balasubramanian , Lili Mou , Olga Vechtomova

This paper presents research on enhancements to Large Language Models (LLMs) through the addition of diversity in its generated outputs. Our study introduces a configuration of multiple LLMs which demonstrates the diversities capable with a…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-08-05 Purva Prasad Gosavi , Vaishnavi Murlidhar Kulkarni , Alan F. Smeaton

Many neural network models nowadays have achieved promising performances in Chit-chat settings. The majority of them rely on an encoder for understanding the post and a decoder for generating the response. Without given assigned semantics,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-12-08 Hung-Ting Chen , Yu-Chieh Chao , Ta-Hsuan Chao , Wei-Yun Ma

We present an end-to-end differentiable training method for retrieval-augmented open-domain question answering systems that combine information from multiple retrieved documents when generating answers. We model retrieval decisions as…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-12-07 Devendra Singh Sachan , Siva Reddy , William Hamilton , Chris Dyer , Dani Yogatama

Intelligent personal assistant systems that are able to have multi-turn conversations with human users are becoming increasingly popular. Most previous research has been focused on using either retrieval-based or generation-based methods to…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2019-08-27 Liu Yang , Junjie Hu , Minghui Qiu , Chen Qu , Jianfeng Gao , W. Bruce Croft , Xiaodong Liu , Yelong Shen , Jingjing Liu

In the past years, sentiment analysis has increasingly shifted attention to representational frameworks more expressive than semantic polarity (being positive, negative or neutral). However, these richer formats (like Basic Emotions or…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2018-07-03 Sven Buechel , Udo Hahn

The complex nature of real-world problems calls for heterogeneity in both machine learning (ML) models and hardware systems. The heterogeneity in ML models comes from multi-sensor perceiving and multi-task learning, i.e., multi-modality…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-05-02 Xinyi Zhang , Cong Hao , Peipei Zhou , Alex Jones , Jingtong Hu

We consider the problem of model multiplicity in downstream decision-making, a setting where two predictive models of equivalent accuracy cannot agree on the best-response action for a downstream loss function. We show that even when the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-05-31 Ally Yalei Du , Dung Daniel Ngo , Zhiwei Steven Wu

Answering multi-hop reasoning questions requires retrieving and synthesizing information from diverse sources. Language models (LMs) struggle to perform such reasoning consistently. We propose an approach to pinpoint and rectify multi-hop…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-11-11 Mansi Sakarvadia

Prompt-based offline methods are commonly used to optimize large language model (LLM) responses, but evaluating these responses is computationally intensive and often fails to accommodate diverse response styles. This study introduces a…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2025-11-12 Xiangxiang Dai , Yuejin Xie , Maoli Liu , Xuchuang Wang , Zhuohua Li , Huanyu Wang , John C. S. Lui

We propose a topic modeling approach to the prediction of preferences in pairwise comparisons. We develop a new generative model for pairwise comparisons that accounts for multiple shared latent rankings that are prevalent in a population…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2015-01-27 Weicong Ding , Prakash Ishwar , Venkatesh Saligrama

This paper investigates the inverse capabilities and broader utility of multimodal latent spaces within task-specific AI (Artificial Intelligence) models. While these models excel at their designed forward tasks (e.g., text-to-image…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-08-01 Siwoo Park

Large language models (LLMs) have demonstrated remarkable capabilities across diverse tasks, and LLM-based agents further extend these abilities to various practical workflows. While recent progress shows that multi-agent systems (MAS) can…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-10-10 Zheyuan Zhang , Lin Ge , Hongjiang Li , Weicheng Zhu , Chuxu Zhang , Yanfang Ye

Emotional Support Conversation (ESC) aims to assist individuals experiencing distress by generating empathetic and supportive dialogue. While prior work typically assumes that each supporter turn corresponds to a single strategy, real-world…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-04-21 Jie Zhu , Huaixia Dou , Junhui Li , Lifan Guo , Feng Chen , Jinsong Su , Chi Zhang , Fang Kong

Conventional techniques to establish dense correspondences across visually or semantically similar images focused on designing a task-specific matching prior, which is difficult to model. To overcome this, recent learning-based methods have…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-12-16 Sunghwan Hong , Seungryong Kim

Audio-driven portrait animation aims to synthesize portrait videos that are conditioned by given audio. Animating high-fidelity and multimodal video portraits has a variety of applications. Previous methods have attempted to capture…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-07-20 Yunfei Liu , Lijian Lin , Fei Yu , Changyin Zhou , Yu Li

Many vision-related tasks benefit from reasoning over multiple modalities to leverage complementary views of data in an attempt to learn robust embedding spaces. Most deep learning-based methods rely on a late fusion technique whereby…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-03-04 Austin Reiter , Menglin Jia , Pu Yang , Ser-Nam Lim

We study response selection for multi-turn conversation in retrieval-based chatbots. Existing work either concatenates utterances in context or matches a response with a highly abstract context vector finally, which may lose relationships…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2017-05-16 Yu Wu , Wei Wu , Chen Xing , Ming Zhou , Zhoujun Li