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A tree $T$, in an edge-colored graph $G$, is called {\em a rainbow tree} if no two edges of $T$ are assigned the same color. A {\em $k$-rainbow coloring}of $G$ is an edge coloring of $G$ having the property that for every set $S$ of $k$…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2013-10-10 Tingting Liu , Yumei Hu

A rainbow colouring of a connected graph is a colouring of the edges of the graph, such that every pair of vertices is connected by at least one path in which no two edges are coloured the same. Such a colouring using minimum possible…

Discrete Mathematics · Computer Science 2012-05-09 L. Sunil Chandran , Deepak Rajendraprasad

An edge colouring of $K_n$ with $k$ colours is a Gallai $k$-colouring if it does not contain any rainbow triangle. Gy\'arf\'as, P\'alv\"olgyi, Patk\'os and Wales proved that there exists a number $g(k)$ such that $n\geq g(k)$ if and only if…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2023-09-13 Jun Yan

We study an anti-Ramsey extension of the classical Corr\'{a}di--Hajnal Theorem: how many colors are needed to color the complete graph on $n$ vertices in order to guarantee a rainbow copy of $t K_{3}$, that is, $t$ vertex-disjoint…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2025-10-07 Deng Jinghua , Hou Jianfeng , Hu caiyun , Liu xizhi

A total-colored graph is a graph $G$ such that both all edges and all vertices of $G$ are colored. A path in a total-colored graph $G$ is a total rainbow path if its edges and internal vertices have distinct colors. A total-colored graph…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2015-01-09 Hui Jiang , Xueliang Li , Yingying Zhang

Suppose we are given matchings $M_1,....,M_N$ of size $t$ in some $r$-uniform hypergraph, and let us think of each matching having a different color. How large does $N$ need to be (in terms of $t$ and $r$) such that we can always find a…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2024-10-14 Cosmin Pohoata , Lisa Sauermann , Dmitrii Zakharov

Fix $k$ a positive integer, and let $\ell$ be coprime to $k$. Let $p(k,\ell)$ denote the smallest prime equivalent to $\ell \pmod{k}$, and set $P(k)$ to be the maximum of all the $p(k,\ell)$. We seek lower bounds for $P(k)$. In particular,…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2016-12-23 Junxian Li , Kyle Pratt , George Shakan

In 2019, Aharoni proposed a conjecture generalizing the Caceetta-H\"aggkvist conjecture: if an $n$-vertex graph $G$ admits an edge coloring (not necessarily proper) with $n$ colors such that each color class has size at least $r$, then $G$…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2025-07-08 He Guo

Motivated by a problem in theoretical computer science suggested by Wigderson, Alon and Ben-Eliezer studied the following extremal problem systematically one decade ago. Given a graph $H$, let $C(n,H)$ be the minimum number $k$ such that…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2023-02-06 Xinbu Cheng , Zixiang Xu

Mantel's Theorem asserts that a simple $n$ vertex graph with more than $\frac{1}{4}n^2$ edges has a triangle (three mutually adjacent vertices). Here we consider a rainbow variant of this problem. We prove that whenever $G_1, G_2, G_3$ are…

The Ramsey number $r_k(s,n)$ is the minimum $N$ such that for every red-blue coloring of the $k$-tuples of $\{1,\ldots, N\}$, there are $s$ integers such that every $k$-tuple among them is red, or $n$ integers such that every $k$-tuple…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2018-01-17 Dhruv Mubayi , Andrew Suk

For a given integer $k$, let $\ell_k$ denote the supremum $\ell$ such that every sufficiently large graph $G$ with average degree less than $2\ell$ admits a separator $X \subseteq V(G)$ for which $\chi(G[X]) < k$. Motivated by the values of…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2025-10-03 Guillaume Aubian , Marthe Bonamy , Romain Bourneuf , Oscar Fontaine , Lucas Picasarri-Arrieta

The type A colored Tverberg theorem of Blagojevi\'{c}, Matschke, and Ziegler provides optimal bounds for the colored Tverberg problem, under the condition that the number of intersecting rainbow simplices is a prime number. We extend this…

Metric Geometry · Mathematics 2021-03-02 Duško Jojić , Gaiane Panina , Rade T. Živaljević

A meta-conjecture of Coulson, Keevash, Perarnau and Yepremyan states that above the extremal threshold for a given spanning structure in a (hyper-)graph, one can find a rainbow version of that spanning structure in any suitably bounded…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2026-02-25 Amarja Kathapurkar , Patrick Morris , Guillem Perarnau

We show that for every sufficiently large $n$, the number of monotone subsequences of length four in a permutation on $n$ points is at least $\binom{\lfloor n/3 \rfloor}{4} + \binom{\lfloor(n+1)/3\rfloor}{4} + \binom{\lfloor…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2015-06-03 József Balogh , Ping Hu , Bernard Lidický , Oleg Pikhurko , Balázs Udvari , Jan Volec

A \textit{rainbow subgraph} of an edge-colored graph is a subgraph whose edges have distinct colors. The \textit{color degree} of a vertex $v$ is the number of different colors on edges incident to $v$. We show that if $n$ is large enough…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2012-04-17 Alexandr Kostochka , Florian Pfender , Matthew Yancey

In an edge-colored graph $G$, a rainbow clique $K_k$ is a $k$-complete subgraph in which all the edges have distinct colors. Let $e(G)$ and $c(G)$ be the number of edges and colors in $G$, respectively. In this paper, we show that for any…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2023-08-16 Xiao-Chuan Liu , Danni Peng , Xu Yang

We prove that every properly edge-colored $n$-vertex graph with average degree at least $100(\log n)^2$ contains a rainbow cycle, improving upon $(\log n)^{2+o(1)}$ bound due to Tomon. We also prove that every properly colored $n$-vertex…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2022-11-08 Jaehoon Kim , Joonkyung Lee , Hong Liu , Tuan Tran

Given a coloring of the edges of a multi-hypergraph, a rainbow t-matching is a collection of t disjoint edges, each having a different color. In this note we study the problem of finding a rainbow $t$-matching in an r-partite r-uniform…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2012-11-06 Roman Glebov , Benny Sudakov , Tibor Szabó

We prove that a family $\mathcal{T}$ of distinct triangles on $n$ given vertices that does not have a rainbow triangle (that is, three edges, each taken from a different triangle in $\mathcal{T}$, that form together a triangle) must be of…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2022-10-14 Ido Goorevitch , Ron Holzman
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