Related papers: Foreign body reaction (immune respond) for artific…

Many drug delivery systems suffer from undesirable interactions with the host immune system. It has been experimentally established that covalent attachment (irreversible adsorption) of suitable macromolecules to the surface of the drug…

Plasma sheath is the non-neutral space charge region that isolates bulk plasma from boundary. Radio-frequency (RF) sheathes are formed when applying RF voltage to electrodes. Generally, applied bias is mainly consumed by RF sheath which…

Photomechanically active materials undergo reversible deformation on illumination, making them ideal for remote, tether-free actuation. Much of the work on these materials has focused on one-dimensional structures, such as strips. In this…

Artificial intelligence (AI) is accelerating progress in modeling T and B cell receptors by enabling predictive and generative frameworks grounded in sequence data and immune context. This chapter surveys recent advances in the use of…

The use of drugs or radiation to attack cancerous cells often leaves the treatment material within the body where it could affect healthy cells or damages healthy tissue; as is the case with traditional invasive surgery. An alternative…

Advances in healthcare and in the quality of life significantly increase human life expectancy. With the ageing of populations, new un-faced challenges are brought to science. The human body is naturally selected to be well-functioning…

Reflection of a microscopic particle from a mesoscopic/macroscopic `mirror' generates two-body correlated interference from the incident and reflected particle substates and their associated mirror substates. The microscopic momentum…

As the development of new classes of antibiotics slows, bacterial resistance to existing antibiotics is becoming an increasing problem. A potential solution is to develop treatment strategies with an alternative mode of action. We consider…

The advent in this century of nano and microelectronics requires, by part of physicists and engineers, the need of an explanation of electrical phenomena such as the interaction of a body with external electric fields at its atomic…

In this paper, we analyze some of our real-world deployment of face recognition (FR) systems for various applications and discuss the gaps between expectations of the user and what the system can deliver. We evaluate some of our proposed…

Biological lifeforms can heal, grow, adapt, and reproduce -- abilities essential for sustained survival and development. In contrast, robots today are primarily monolithic machines with limited ability to self-repair, physically develop, or…

The adaptive immune system constantly remodels its lymphocyte repertoire for better protection against future pathogens. Its ability to improve antigen recognition on the fly relies on somatic mutation and selective expansion of B…

Interaction is so ubiquitous that imaging a world free from it is a difficult fantasy exercise. At the same time, in understanding any complex physical system, our ability of accounting for the mutual interaction of its constituents is…

Atherosclerosis is an inflammatory disease characterised by the formation of plaques, which are deposits of lipids and cholesterol-laden macrophages that form in the artery wall. The inflammation is often non-resolving, due in large part to…

Nonlinear optics plays important roles in the research of fundamental physics and the applications of high-performance optoelectronic devices. The bulk nonlinear optical responses arise from the uniform light absorption in…

Modern therapeutic antibody design often involves composing multi-part assemblages of individual functional domains, each of which may be derived from a different source or engineered independently. While these complex formats can expand…

Word Embeddings have been shown to contain the societal biases present in the original corpora. Existing methods to deal with this problem have been shown to only remove superficial biases. The method of Adversarial Debiasing was presumed…

Medical electrophysiological sensors that can study the body and diagnose diseases depend on consistently low impedance electrode-skin interfaces. Clinical-standard wet electrodes use hydrogels and skin abrasion to improve the interface and…

We find an advantage of recombination for a category of complex fitness landscapes. Recent studies of empirical fitness landscapes reveal complex gene interactions and multiple peaks, and recombination can be a powerful mechanism for…

Light carries momentum and, upon interaction with material structures, can exert forces on them. Here, we show that a planar structure with asymmetric optical response is spontaneously accelerated when placed in an environment at a…