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While the Unruh effect has traditionally been studied under the assumption of uniform acceleration, a simplification motivated by experimental considerations, it is not necessarily true for all non-inertial motions. We propose a novel…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2026-01-01 Manuel de Atocha Rodríguez Fernández , Alexander I. Nesterov , Gennady P. Berman , C. Moreno-González

Using nonperturbative results obtained recently for an uniformly accelerated Unruh-DeWitt detector, we discover new features in the dynamical evolution of the detector's internal degree of freedom, and identified the Unruh effect derived…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2008-11-26 Shih-Yuin Lin , B. L. Hu

We estimate the transition rates of a uniformly accelerated Unruh-DeWitt detector coupled to a quantum field with reflecting conditions on a boundary plane (a "mirror"). We find that these are essentially indistinguishable from the usual…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2012-08-27 Carlo Rovelli , Matteo Smerlak

It is well known that the experience of a linearly accelerated observer with acceleration $a$, interacting with a massless scalar field in its vacuum state in $3+1$ Minkowski spacetime, is identical to that of a static observer interacting…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2024-03-25 Cameron R. D. Bunney , Leo Parry , T. Rick Perche , Jorma Louko

We study the energy density and pressure of a relativistic thermal gas of massless fermions on four-dimensional Minkowski and anti-de Sitter space-times using relativistic kinetic theory. The corresponding quantum field theory quantities…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2018-01-17 Victor E. Ambrus , Elizabeth Winstanley

In quantum field theory, the vacuum is popularly considered to be a complex medium populated with virtual particle + antiparticle pairs. To an observer experiencing uniform acceleration, it is generally held that these virtual particles…

General Physics · Physics 2026-04-28 Alexandre Deur , Stanley J. Brodsky , Craig D. Roberts , Balša Terzić

We derive a master equation for the reduced density matrix of a uniformly accelerating quantum detector in arbitrary dimensions, generically coupled to a field initially in its vacuum state, and analyze its late time regime. We find that…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2021-09-06 Julio Arrechea , Carlos Barceló , Luis J. Garay , Gerardo García-Moreno

Recently, the inverse $\beta$-decay rate calculated with respect to uniformly accelerated observers (experiencing the Unruh thermal bath) was revisited. Concerns have been raised regarding the compatibility of inertial and accelerated…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2018-06-06 Gabriel Cozzella , Stephen A. Fulling , Andre G. S. Landulfo , George E. A. Matsas , Daniel A. T. Vanzella

A great deal of evidence has been mounting over the years showing a deep connection between acceleration, radiation, and the Unruh effect. Indeed, the fact that the Unruh effect can be codified in the Larmor radiation emitted by the charge…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2022-09-07 Felipe Portales-Oliva , André G. S. Landulfo

We analyse the quantization procedure of the spinor field in the Rindler spacetime, showing the boundary conditions that should be imposed to the field, in order to have a well posed theory. We then investigate the relationship between this…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2014-11-17 Daniele Oriti

We study the Unruh effect for an observer with a finite lifetime, using the thermal time hypothesis. The thermal time hypothesis maintains that: (i) time is the physical quantity determined by the flow defined by a state over an observable…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2009-11-07 P. Martinetti , C. Rovelli

In this work we consider the spontaneous symmetry breaking of the electroweak $SU(2)_L\times U(1)_Y$ gauge group into $U(1)_{em}$ taken place in the Standard Model of particle physics as seen from the point of view of an accelerating…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2017-11-22 Antonio Dobado

It is well known that the rotational motion does not induce Unruh effect, because the Minkowski vacuum coincides with the vacuum state defined by the pure rotating observers. However, are there Rindler particles carrying orbital angular…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2021-03-17 Zhigang Bu , Liangliang Ji , Baifei Shen

We revisit the Unruh effect to investigate how finite acceleration would affect a scalar condensate. We discuss a negative thermal-like correction associated with acceleration. From the correspondence between thermo-field dynamics and…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2015-12-22 Sanjin Benic , Kenji Fukushima

We identify the relativistic-fluid counterpart of the Unruh effect, in which a comoving probe measures a Thermodynamic Unruh temperature. Frame changes in first-order hydrodynamics are recast as a local, time-dependent hyperbolic rotation…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2025-11-27 Eren Erberk Erkul

The Unruh effect establishes a fundamental equivalence between acceleration and thermality by demonstrating that a uniformly accelerated ground-state detector undergoes excitation as if immersed in a thermal bath. In this paper, we…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2025-08-14 Shijing Cheng , Wenting Zhou , Hongwei Yu

We examine the influence of the dispersion relation on the Unruh effect by Lorentz boosting the phase of Minkowski vacuum fluctuations endowed with an arbitrary dispersion relation. We find that, unlike what happens with a linear dispersion…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2021-04-28 F. Hammad , A. Landry , D. Dijamco

We study the radiative process of two entangled two-level atoms uniformly accelerated in a thermal bath, coupled to a massless scalar field. First, using the positive frequency Wightman function from the Minkowski modes with a Rindler…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2021-05-25 Subhajit Barman , Bibhas Ranjan Majhi

Derived from semi-classical quantum field theory in curved spacetime, Unruh effect was known as a quantum effect. We find that there does exist a classical correspondence of this effect in electrodynamics. The thermal nature of the vacuum…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2007-05-23 Shih-Yuin Lin

First order corrections to the Unruh effect are calculated from a model of an accelerated particle detector of finite mass. We show that quantum smearing of the trajectory and large recoil essentially do not modify the Unruh effect.…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2025-10-29 B. Reznik