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The Unruh effect, central to quantum field theory in curved spacetime, states that uniformly accelerated observers perceive the Minkowski vacuum as a thermal ensemble of Rindler excitations. Building on this foundation and drawing analogies…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-12-09 Kevin Player

In contrast to recent criticism we undertake to show that the notion of Unruh temperature describes a real thermal property of the vacuum if viewed from an accelerated reference frame. We embed our investigation in a more general analysis…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2013-11-08 Manfred Requardt

A detector undergoing a huge acceleration measures a thermal distribution with the Unruh temperature out of the Minkowski vacuum. Though such huge accelerations occur naturally in astrophysics and gravity, one may design untraintense laser…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2017-12-08 Chul Min Kim , Sang Pyo Kim

The Unruh effect states an accelerated particle detector registers a thermal response when moving through the Minkowski vacuum, and its thermal feature is believed to be inseparable from Lorentz symmetry: Without the latter, the former…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-09-19 Zehua Tian , Longhao Wu , Liang Zhang , Jiliang Jing , Jiangfeng Du

Ultracold fermionic atoms in an optical lattice, with a sudden position-dependent change (a quench) in the effective dispersion relation, have been proposed by Rodr\'iguez-Laguna et al. as an analogue spacetime test of the Unruh effect. We…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2018-10-05 Jorma Louko

The Unruh effect--the prediction that an accelerated observer perceives the vacuum as a thermal bath--remains one of the most profound yet experimentally unverified consequences of quantum field theory. This work analyzes a model for the…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2025-10-24 Vladimir Toussaint --

We study the influence of the thermal background on the existence of the anti-Unruh effect. For the massless scalar field, we present that the anti-Unruh effect can appear when the detector is accelerated in the thermal field, which is…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2022-05-30 Yongjie Pan , Baocheng Zhang

Unruh effect states that the vacuum of a quantum field theory on Minkovski space-time looks like a thermal state for an eternal uniformly accelerated observer. Adaptation to the non eternal case causes a serious problem: if the…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2008-11-26 P. Martinetti

We give a complete and rigorous proof of the Unruh effect, in the following form. We show that the state of a two-level system, uniformly accelerated with proper acceleration $a$, and coupled to a scalar bose field initially in the…

Mathematical Physics · Physics 2008-11-26 S. De Bievre , M. Merkli

We study the detailed balance temperatures recorded along all classes of stationary, uniformly accelerated worldlines in four-dimensional Minkowski spacetime, namely along (i) linear uniform acceleration, (ii) cusped, (iii) circular, (iv)…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2020-06-17 Michael Good , Benito A. Juárez-Aubry , Dimitris Moustos , Maksat Temirkhan

We investigate the Unruh effect for a massless scalar field in the two dimensional Minkowski space in the presence of a uniformly accelerated perfect mirror, with the trajectory of the mirror chosen in such a way that the mirror completely…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2015-02-05 Nistor Nicolaevici

A uniformly accelerated system will get thermally excited due to interactions with the vacuum fluctuations of the quantum fields. This is the Unruh effect. Also a system accelerated in a circular orbit will be heated, but in this case…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2007-05-23 Jon Magne Leinaas

We study memory effects as information backflow for an accelerating two-level detector weakly interacting with a scalar field in the Minkowski vacuum. This is the framework of the well-known Unruh effect: the detector behaves as if it were…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2020-02-05 Boris Sokolov , Jorma Louko , Sabrina Maniscalco , Iiro Vilja

We study the generalized Unruh effect for accelerated reference frames that include rotation in addition to acceleration. We focus particularly on the case where the motion is planar, with presence of a static limit in addition to the event…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2009-11-10 Jan Ivar Korsbakken , Jon Magne Leinaas

The incorporation of classical general relativity into quantum field theory yields a surprising result -- thermodynamic particle production. One such phenomenon, known as the Unruh effect, causes empty space to effervesce a thermal bath of…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2022-05-16 Morgan H. Lynch

The Unruh effect refers to the thermal fluctuations a detector experiences while undergoing linear motion with uniform acceleration in a Minkowski vacuum. This thermality can be demonstrated by tracing the vacuum state of the field over the…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2013-12-10 Jason Doukas , Shih-Yuin Lin , B. L. Hu , Robert B. Mann

An uniformly accelerated (Rindler) observer will detect particles in the Minkowski vacuum, known as Unruh effect. The spectrum is thermal and the temperature is given by that of the Killing horizon, which is proportional to the…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2018-02-07 Ananya Adhikari , Krishnakanta Bhattacharya , Chandramouli Chowdhury , Bibhas Ranjan Majhi

In this work, the notion of spacetime of maximal proper acceleration is motivated as a weak form to implement general covariance and a generalized form of Einstein's equivalence principle from a physical point of view and the fundamental…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2025-08-29 Ricardo Gallego Torromé

We investigate the Minkowski ground state associated with a real massless scalar field as seen by an accelerated observer under the perspective of the de Broglie-Bohm quantum theory. We use the Schr\"odinger picture to obtain the wave…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2023-10-18 Matheus M. A. Paixão , Olesya Galkina , Nelson Pinto-Neto

In Minkowski space, an accelerated reference frame may be defined as one that is related to an inertial frame by a sequence of instantaneous Lorentz transformations. Such an accelerated observer sees a causal horizon, and the quantum vacuum…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2014-11-21 Nirmalendu Acharyya , Sachindeo Vaidya