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Using as the working hypothesis of an evaluation of the difference between primes $p_{n+1} - p_n = O(\sqrt{p_n})$ we represent in detail the proofs of Legendre's and Oppermann's conjectures.

Number Theory · Mathematics 2015-07-28 Felix Sidokhine

Let $X$ be a large parameter. We will first give a new estimate for the integral moments of primes in short intervals of the type $(p,p+h]$, where $p\leq X$ is a prime number and $h=\odi{X}$. Then we will apply this to prove that for every…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2013-02-14 D. Bazzanella , A. Languasco , A. Zaccagnini

The greatest power of a prime $p$ dividing the natural number $n$ will be denoted by $n_p$. Let $Ind_G(g)=|G:C_G(g)|$. Suppose that $G$ is a finite group and $p$ is a prime. We prove that if there exists an integer $\alpha>0$ such that…

Group Theory · Mathematics 2023-06-22 Ilya Gorshkov

We investigate some extremal problems in Fourier analysis and their connection to a problem in prime number theory. In particular, we improve the current bounds for the largest possible gap between consecutive primes assuming the Riemann…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2021-08-09 Emanuel Carneiro , Micah B. Milinovich , Kannan Soundararajan

Let $N(x,y)$ denote the number of integers $n\le x$ which are divisible by a shifted prime $p-1$ with $p>y$, $p$ prime. Improving upon recent bounds of McNew, Pollack and Pomerance, we establish the exact order of growth of $N(x,y)$ for all…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2019-10-22 Kevin Ford

Let $f(n)$ denote the number of unordered factorizations of a positive integer $n$ into factors larger than $1$. We show that the number of distinct values of $f(n)$, less than or equal to $x$, is at most $\exp \left( C \sqrt{\frac{\log…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2016-09-28 R. Balasubramanian , Priyamvad Srivastav

Let $x$ denote a sufficiently large integer. We show that the recent result of Grimmelt and Merikoski actually yields the largest prime factor of $n^2 +1$ is greater than $x^{1.317}$ infinitely often. As an application, we give a new upper…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2025-06-03 Runbo Li

We consider inhomogeneous Erd\H{o}s-R\'enyi graphs. We suppose that the maximal mean degree $d$ satisfies $d \ll \log n$. We characterize the asymptotic behavior of the $n^{1 - o(1)}$ largest eigenvalues of the adjacency matrix and its…

Probability · Mathematics 2017-04-11 Florent Benaych-Georges , Charles Bordenave , Antti Knowles

We define $g(n)$ to be the maximal order of an element of the symmetric group on $n$ elements. Results about the prime factorization of $g(n)$ allow a reduction of the upper bound on the largest prime divisor of $g(n)$ to $1.328\sqrt{n\log…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2021-04-29 Jon Grantham

Let $p_n$ denote the $n$-th prime number, $\{q_n\}$ be a sequence of positive numbers and $x\in\mathbb{R}$. In this note we prove that the inequality $$q_n p_{n+1}^{x}-q_{n+1}p_{n}^{x}<p_{n}^{x}p_{n+1}^{x-1}, $$ holds for infinitely many…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2017-12-11 Douglas Azevedo , Tiago Reis

We use Maynard's methods to show that there are bounded gaps between primes in the sequence $\{\lfloor n\alpha\rfloor\}$, where $\alpha$ is an irrational number of finite type. In addition, given a superlinear function $f$ satisfying some…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2014-07-08 Lynn Chua , Soohyun Park , Geoffrey D. Smith

For $x>0$ let $\pi(x)$ denote the number of primes not exceeding $x$. For integers $a$ and $m>0$, we determine when there is an integer $n>1$ with $\pi(n)=(n+a)/m$. In particular, we show that for any integers $m>2$ and $a\le\lceil…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2017-01-11 Zhi-Wei Sun

We prove that if a set is `large' in the sense of Erd\H{o}s, then it approximates arbitrarily long arithmetic progressions in a strong quantitative sense. More specifically, expressing the error in the approximation in terms of the gap…

Metric Geometry · Mathematics 2019-05-14 Jonathan M. Fraser , Han Yu

Let $\chi$ be a primitive character modulo $q$, and let $\delta > 0$. Assuming that $\chi$ has large order $d$, for any $d$th root of unity $\alpha$ we obtain non-trivial upper bounds for the number of $n \leq x$ such that $\chi(n) =…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2024-05-02 Alexander P. Mangerel , Yichen You

We prove new cases of reasonable bounds for the polynomial Szemer\'{e}di theorem both over $\mathbb{Z}/N\mathbb{Z}$ with $N$ prime and over the integers. In particular, we prove reasonable bounds for Szemer\'edi's theorem in the integers…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2025-06-17 Daniel Altman , Mehtaab Sawhney

In 2023, the first author and Vandehey proved that the largest $k$ for which the string of equalities $\lambda(n+1)=\lambda(n+2)=\cdots=\lambda(n+k)$ holds for some $n\leq x$, where $\lambda$ is the Carmichael $\lambda$ function, is bounded…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2024-06-11 Noah Lebowitz-Lockard , J. C. Saunders

Prime numbers are one of the most intriguing figures in mathematics. Despite centuries of research, many questions remain still unsolved. In recent years, computer simulations are playing a fundamental role in the study of an immense…

History and Overview · Mathematics 2020-02-04 Alberto Fraile , Roberto Martinez , Daniel Fernandez

Let $P^+(n)$ denote the largest prime of the integer $n$. Using the \begin{align*}\Psi\_{F\_1\cdots F\_t}\left(\mathcal{K}\cap[-N,N]^d,N^{1/u}\right):=\\#\left\{\mathcal{K}\in…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2017-08-15 Armand Lachand

Let $\omega^*(n) = \{d|n: d=p-1, \mbox{$p$ is a prime}\}$. We show that, for each integer $k\geq2$, $$ \sum_{n\leq x}\omega^*(n)^k \asymp x(\log x)^{2^k-k-1}, $$ where the implied constant may depend on $k$ only. This confirms a recent…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2025-06-02 Mikhail R. Gabdullin

The prime number graph is the set of points $(n,p_n)$ where $p_n$ denotes the $n^{\rm th}$ prime. Let $L(n)$ be the minimum number of straight line segments needed to cover the first $n$ points in this set. Let $B(n)$ be the largest number…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2026-05-25 Carl Pomerance , Patrick Solé