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A way to encode acceleration directly into fields has recently being proposed, thus establishing a new kind of fields, the accelerated fields. The definition of accelerated fields points to the quantization of space and time, analogously to…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2018-06-15 Lucas Chibebe Céleri , Vasileios Kiosses

Whenever an experiment can be described classically, quantum physics must predict the same outcome. Intuitively, there is nothing quantum about an accelerating observer travelling through a vacuum. It is therefore not surprising that many…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-03-24 Sara Kanzi , Daniel Hodgson , Almut Beige

In quantum field theory, the vacuum is popularly considered to be a complex medium populated with virtual particle + antiparticle pairs. To an observer experiencing uniform acceleration, it is generally held that these virtual particles…

General Physics · Physics 2026-04-28 Alexandre Deur , Stanley J. Brodsky , Craig D. Roberts , Balša Terzić

We generalize the vacuum-Unruh effect to arbitrary excited states in the Fock space and find that the Unruh mode at the horizon induces coherent excitation on the canonical background ensemble measured by an accelerated observer. When there…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2023-03-29 Angela Chen

The Unruh effect predicts that a uniformly accelerated observer perceives the vacuum seen by an inertial observer as a thermal bath at a temperature proportional to its proper acceleration. This phenomenon is often regarded as a flat…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2025-09-23 Yuebing Zhou , Jiawei Hu , Hongwei Yu

We show under what conditions an accelerated detector (e.g., an atom/ion/molecule) thermalizes while interacting with the vacuum state of a quantum field in a setup where the detector's acceleration alternates sign across multiple optical…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2021-11-09 Silas Vriend , Daniel Grimmer , Eduardo Martín-Martínez

Unruh effect is a landmark prediction of standard quantum field theory in which Fock vacuum state appears as a thermal state with respect to an uniformly accelerating observer. Given its dependence on trans-Planckian modes, Unruh effect is…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2016-12-07 Golam Mortuza Hossain , Gopal Sardar

In a quantum sense, vacuum is not an empty void but full of virtual particles (fields). It may have long-range properties, be altered, and even undergo phase transitions. It is suggested that long-range properties of a quantum vacuum may be…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2022-09-28 Shijing Cheng , Wenting Zhou , Hongwei Yu

Building on the well-known Unruh-Davies effect, we examine the effects of projective measurements and quantum communications between accelerated and stationary observers. We find that the projective measurement by a uniformly accelerated…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2009-11-16 Muxin Han , S. Jay Olson , Jonathan P. Dowling

We study a dynamic version of the Unruh effect in a two dimensional collapse model forming a black hole. In this two-dimensional collapse model a scalar field coupled to the dilaton gravity, moving leftwards, collapses to form a black hole.…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2018-06-05 Kinjalk Lochan , Sumanta Chakraborty , T. Padmanabhan

A new theoretical framework to describe the experimental advances in electro-optic detection of broadband quantum states, specifically the quantum vacuum, is devised. By making use of fundamental concepts from quantum field theory on…

While the Unruh effect has traditionally been studied under the assumption of uniform acceleration, a simplification motivated by experimental considerations, it is not necessarily true for all non-inertial motions. We propose a novel…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2026-01-01 Manuel de Atocha Rodríguez Fernández , Alexander I. Nesterov , Gennady P. Berman , C. Moreno-González

The Unruh effect has been investigated from the point of view of the quantum statistical Zubarev density operator in space with the Minkowski metric. Quantum corrections of the fourth order in acceleration to the energy-momentum tensor of…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2020-04-22 Georgy Y. Prokhorov , Oleg V. Teryaev , Valentin I. Zakharov

The Unruh effect is a quantum relativistic effect where the accelerated observer perceives the vacuum as a thermal state. Here we propose the experimental realization of the Unruh effect for interacting ultracold fermions in optical…

Quantum Gases · Physics 2018-12-17 Arkadiusz Kosior , Maciej Lewenstein , Alessio Celi

Quantum channel discrimination is used to test quantum field theory in non-inertial frames. We search for optimal strategies which can best see the thermality of the Unruh effect. We find that the usual strategy of counting particles in the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2015-06-29 Jason Doukas , Gerardo Adesso , Stefano Pirandola , Andrzej Dragan

The Unruh effect is one of the first calculations of what one would see when transiting between an inertial reference frame with its quantum field vacuum state and a non-inertial (specifically, uniformly accelerating) reference frame. The…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2023-12-18 Satish Ramakrishna

We address on general quantum-statistical grounds the problem of optimal detection of the Unruh-Hawking effect. We show that the effect signatures are magnified up to potentially observable levels if the scalar field to be probed has high…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2010-10-27 Mariona Aspachs , Gerardo Adesso , Ivette Fuentes

The Unruh effect is the phenomenon that accelerated observers detect particles even when inertial observers experience the vacuum state. In particular, uniformly accelerated observers are predicted to measure thermal radiation that is…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2020-08-06 Luis C. Barbado , Esteban Castro-Ruiz , Luca Apadula , Časlav Brukner

The Unruh effect, thereby an ideally accelerated quantum detector is predicted to absorb thermalized virtual photons and re-emit real photons, is significantly extended for laboratory accessible configurations. Using modern influence…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2022-12-27 Charles H. -T. Wang , Gianluca Gregori , Robert Bingham , Yakubu Adamu , Bethel N. Eneh , Maé C. Rodriguez , Sarah-Jane Twigg

The presence of noncyclic geometric invariant is revealed in all the phenomena where particle generation from vacuum or vacuum condensates appear. Aharonov--Anandan invariants then can help to study such systems and can represent a new tool…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2013-11-13 Antonio Capolupo , Giuseppe Vitiello
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