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The Penrose inequality gives a lower bound for the total mass of a spacetime in terms of the area of suitable surfaces that represent black holes. Its validity is supported by the cosmic censorship conjecture and therefore its proof (or…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2009-10-02 Marc Mars

The Positive Mass Theorem states that a complete asymptotically flat manifold of nonnegative scalar curvature has nonnegative mass. The Riemannian Penrose inequality provides a sharp lower bound for the mass when black holes are present.…

Differential Geometry · Mathematics 2019-12-19 Hubert L. Bray , Dan A. Lee

Extremal rotating black holes in Einstein-Maxwell theory feature two branches. On the branch emerging from the Myers-Perry solutions their angular momentum is proportional to their horizon area, while on the branch emerging from the…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2017-09-28 Jose Luis Blazquez-Salcedo , Jutta Kunz , Francisco Navarro-Lerida

For an asymptotically flat initial data, the Penrose inequality gives a lower bound of the Arnowitt-Deser-Misner total mass of a spacetime in terms of the area of certain surfaces representing black holes. This is a deep and beautiful…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2013-11-05 Fei-hung Ho , Jian-liang Liu , Naqing Xie

In the asymptotically locally hyperbolic setting it is possible to have metrics with scalar curvature at least -6 and negative mass when the genus of the conformal boundary at infinity is positive. Using inverse mean curvature flow, we…

Differential Geometry · Mathematics 2013-10-14 Dan A. Lee , André Neves

We prove upper bounds on angular momentum and centre of mass in terms of the Hamiltonian mass and cosmological constant for non-singular asymptotically anti-de Sitter initial data sets satisfying the dominant energy condition. We work in…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2009-11-11 Piotr T. Chrusciel , Daniel Maerten , Paul Tod

We extend Brill's positive mass theorem to a large class of asymptotically flat, maximal, $U(1)^2$-invariant initial data sets on simply connected four dimensional manifolds $\Sigma$. Moreover, we extend the local mass angular momenta…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2016-04-20 Aghil Alaee , Hari K. Kunduri

We present numerical evidences for the validity of the inequality between the total mass and the total angular momentum for multiple axially symmetric (non-stationary) black holes. We use a parabolic heat flow to solve numerically the…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2010-05-12 Sergio Dain , Omar Ortiz

In this essay I first discuss the physical relevance of the inequality $m\geq \sqrt{|J|}$ for axially symmetric (non-stationary) black holes, where m is the mass and J the angular momentum of the spacetime. Then, I present a proof of this…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2008-11-26 Sergio Dain

We show that it is possible to perturb arbitrary vacuum asymptotically flat spacetimes to new ones having exactly the same energy and linear momentum, but with center of mass and angular momentum equal to any preassigned values measured…

Differential Geometry · Mathematics 2015-05-19 Lan-Hsuan Huang , Richard Schoen , Mu-Tao Wang

The positive mass theorem is one of the fundamental results in general relativity. It states that, assuming the dominant energy condition, the total mass of an asymptotically flat spacetime is non-negative. The Penrose inequality provides a…

Differential Geometry · Mathematics 2018-10-25 Po-Ning Chen

We show that in the conformally flat case the Penrose inequality is satisfied for the Schwarzschild initial data with a small addition of the axially symmetric traceless exterior curvature. In this class the inequality is saturated only for…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2019-12-09 Jarosław Kopiński , Jacek Tafel

The purpose of this letter is to point out an argument which may ultimately lead to a rigorous proof of the Penrose inequality in the general case. The argument is a variation of Geroch's original proposal for a proof of the positive energy…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2009-11-07 J Frauendiener

Throughout the literature on the charged Riemannian Penrose inequality, it is generally assumed that there is no charged matter present; that is, the electric field is divergence-free. The aim of this article is to clarify when the charged…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2021-06-30 Stephen McCormick

Based on the $\mu$-bubble method we are able to prove the following version of Riemannian Penrose inequality without horizon: if $g$ is a complete metric on $\mathbb R^3\setminus\{O\}$ with nonnegative scalar curvature, which is…

Differential Geometry · Mathematics 2023-04-05 Jintian Zhu

We show that the area-angular momentum inequality A\geq 8\pi|J| holds for axially symmetric closed outermost stably marginally trapped surfaces. These are horizon sections (in particular, apparent horizons) contained in otherwise generic…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2012-08-28 José Luis Jaramillo , Martín Reiris , Sergio Dain

We reexamine the relation between the Aretakis charge of an extremal black hole spacetime and the Newman-Penrose charge of a weakly asymptotically flat spacetime obtained from the original one through radial inversion and conformal mapping.…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2019-01-02 Mirjam Cvetic , Alejandro Satz

We prove that in Einstein-Maxwell theory the inequality $(8\pi J)^2+(4\pi Q^2)^2 < A^2$ holds for any sub-extremal axisymmetric and stationary black hole with arbitrary surrounding matter. Here $J, Q$, and $A$ are angular momentum, electric…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2009-12-04 Jörg Hennig , Carla Cederbaum , Marcus Ansorg

For a stable marginally outer trapped surface (MOTS) in an axially symmetric spacetime with cosmological constant $\Lambda > 0$ and with matter satisfying the dominant energy condition, we prove that the area $A$ and the angular momentum…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2015-02-12 Maria Eugenia Gabach Clement , Martin Reiris , Walter Simon

In 1973, R. Penrose presented an argument that the total mass of a space-time which contains black holes with event horizons of total area $A$ should be at least $\sqrt{A/16\pi}$. An important special case of this physical statement…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2007-05-23 Hubert L. Bray , Piotr T. Chrusciel
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