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The accretion of pebbles on planetary cores has been widely studied in recent years and is found to be a highly effective mechanism for planetary growth. While most studies assume planetary cores as an initial condition in their simulation,…
The system of modular neural circuits that controls crustacean swimmerets drives a metachronal sequence of power-stroke and return-stroke movements that propels the animal forward efficiently. These neural modules are synchronized by an…
Until presently, most approaches for understanding physiological or pathological phenomena have been based on the assumption that these processes start from individual cells, a concept introduced primarily by Virchow in the 19th century.…
I review the evolutionary history of human populations in Europe with an emphasis on what has been learned in recent years through the study of ancient DNA. Human populations in Europe ~430-39kya (archaic Europeans) included Neandertals and…
Fungi cells are capable of sensing extracellular cues through reception, transduction and response systems which allow them to communicate with their host and adapt to their environment. They display effective regulatory protein expressions…
Artificially evolving foraging behavior in simulated legged animals has proved to be a notoriously difficult task. Here, we co-evolve the morphology and controller for virtual organisms in a three-dimensional physically realistic…
Our view of the universe of genomic regions harboring various types of candidate human-specific regulatory sequences (HSRS) has been markedly expanded in recent years. To infer the evolutionary origins of loci harboring HSRS, analyses of…
Genetic oscillators are present in the cells of many organisms and control several biological processes. The common feature of such oscillators is the presence of a protein which represses the transcription of its own gene. Recently, it has…
The asteroid belt is the leftover of the original planetesimal population in the inner solar system. However, currently the asteroids have orbits with all possible values of eccentricities and inclinations compatible with long-term…
Genome-wide proximity placement analysis of 10,598 HSGRL within the context of the principal regulatory structures of the interphase chromatin, namely topologically-associating domains (TADs) and specific sub-TAD structures termed…
Which factors govern the evolution of mutation rates and emergence of species? Here, we address this question using a first principles model of life where population dynamics of asexual organisms is coupled to molecular properties and…
Identifying remnant radio-loud active galactic nuclei (AGNs) is challenging due to their diverse morphological and spectral characteristics. Using three-dimensional hydrodynamic simulations of 15 radio galaxies, we investigate how the…
The origin of cosmic rays remains an unresolved fundamental problem in astrophysics. The synergy of multiple observational probes, including the energy spectra, the mass composition, and anisotropy is a viable way to jointly uncover this…
According to the "hard-steps" model, the origin of humanity required "successful passage through a number of intermediate steps" (so-called "hard" or "critical" steps) that were intrinsically improbable with respect to the total time…
Sexually reproducing populations with small number of individuals may go extinct by stochastic fluctuations in sex determination, causing all their members to become male or female in a generation. In this work we calculate the time to…
A new method for determining whether or not a mitrochondrial DNA (mtDNA) sequence belongs to a vertebrate is described and tested. This method only needs the mtDNA sequence of the organism in question, and unlike alignment based methods, it…
The visual system is hierarchically organized to process visual information in successive stages. Neural representations vary drastically across the first stages of visual processing: at the output of the retina, ganglion cell receptive…
The famous 2R hypothesis was first proposed by Susumu Ohno in 1970. It states that the two whole genome duplications had shaped the genome of early vertebrates. The most convincing evidence for 2R hypothesis comes from the 4:1 ratio…
Fragment molecular orbital (FMO) calculations were performed in aqueous media which allowed us to obtain the interaction energy between the human estrogen receptor $\alpha$ ligand-binding domain (ER) and the selected ligands (L):…
Biological evolution of a population is governed by the fitness landscape, which is a map from genotype to fitness. However, a fitness landscape depends on the organisms environment, and evolution in changing environments is still poorly…