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High Performance Computing (HPC) systems are used across a wide range of disciplines for both large and complex computations. HPC systems often receive many thousands of computational tasks at a time, colloquially referred to as jobs. These…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2024-04-16 Elliot Kolker-Hicks , Di Zhang , Dong Dai

Video Large Language Models (VideoLLMs) excel at video understanding tasks where outputs are textual, such as Video Question Answering and Video Captioning. However, they underperform specialized embedding-based models in Retrieval tasks,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-04-15 Rohit Gupta , Jayakrishnan Unnikrishnan , Fan Fei , Sheng Liu , Son Tran , Mubarak Shah

A key barrier to using reinforcement learning (RL) in many real-world applications is the requirement of a large number of system interactions to learn a good control policy. Off-policy and Offline RL methods have been proposed to reduce…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-12-02 Wenqi Cui , Linbin Huang , Weiwei Yang , Baosen Zhang

While deep reinforcement learning (RL) has fueled multiple high-profile successes in machine learning, it is held back from more widespread adoption by its often poor data efficiency and the limited generality of the policies it produces. A…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-05-30 Jacob Beck , Risto Vuorio , Evan Zheran Liu , Zheng Xiong , Luisa Zintgraf , Chelsea Finn , Shimon Whiteson

The aim of multi-task reinforcement learning is two-fold: (1) efficiently learn by training against multiple tasks and (2) quickly adapt, using limited samples, to a variety of new tasks. In this work, the tasks correspond to reward…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-11-05 Nicholas C. Landolfi , Garrett Thomas , Tengyu Ma

Reinforcement learning (RL) post-training has become pivotal for enhancing the capabilities of modern large models. A recent trend is to develop RL systems with a fully disaggregated architecture, which decouples the three RL phases…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2026-01-21 Haoyang Li , Sheng Lin , Fangcheng Fu , Yuming Zhou , Xiaodong Ji , Yanfeng Zhao , Lefeng Wang , Jie Jiang , Bin Cui

In this work, we augment reinforcement learning with an inference-time collision model to ensure safe and efficient container management in a waste-sorting facility with limited processing capacity. Each container has two optimal emptying…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-03-24 Abhijeet Pendyala , Tobias Glasmachers

Since the introduction of the GRPO algorithm, reinforcement learning (RL) has attracted increasing attention for LLM post-training, yet training efficiency remains a critical challenge. In mainstream RL frameworks, inference and training…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-05 Jian Lu

Reinforcement Learning (RL) heavily relies on the careful design of the reward function. However, accurately assigning rewards to each state-action pair in Long-Term Reinforcement Learning (LTRL) tasks remains a significant challenge. As a…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-06-03 Qi Ju , Falin Hei , Zhemei Fang , Yunfeng Luo

Model-based reinforcement learning (MBRL) has gained much attention for its ability to learn complex behaviors in a sample-efficient way: planning actions by generating imaginary trajectories with predicted rewards. Despite its success, we…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-02-20 Vint Lee , Pieter Abbeel , Youngwoon Lee

Reinforcement learning (RL) is well known for requiring large amounts of data in order for RL agents to learn to perform complex tasks. Recent progress in model-based RL allows agents to be much more data-efficient, as it enables them to…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-08-17 Remo Sasso , Matthia Sabatelli , Marco A. Wiering

We present CompassMax-V3-Thinking, a hundred-billion-scale MoE reasoning model trained with a new RL framework built on one principle: each prompt must matter. Scaling RL to this size exposes critical inefficiencies-zero-variance prompts…

This work aims to improve the sample efficiency of parallel large-scale ranking and selection (R&S) problems by leveraging correlation information. We modify the commonly used "divide and conquer" framework in parallel computing by adding a…

Methodology · Statistics 2026-02-16 Zishi Zhang , Yijie Peng

Learning rational behaviors in open-world games like Minecraft remains to be challenging for Reinforcement Learning (RL) research due to the compound challenge of partial observability, high-dimensional visual perception and delayed reward.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-12-10 Zichuan Lin , Junyou Li , Jianing Shi , Deheng Ye , Qiang Fu , Wei Yang

Reinforcement learning (RL) for large language models is an energy-intensive endeavor: training can be unstable, and the policy may gradually drift away from its pretrained weights. We present \emph{RLEP}\, -- \,Reinforcement Learning with…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-07-11 Hongzhi Zhang , Jia Fu , Jingyuan Zhang , Kai Fu , Qi Wang , Fuzheng Zhang , Guorui Zhou

A promising way to improve the sample efficiency of reinforcement learning is model-based methods, in which many explorations and evaluations can happen in the learned models to save real-world samples. However, when the learned model has a…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-09-14 Haoxin Lin , Yihao Sun , Jiaji Zhang , Yang Yu

Sequential decision making under uncertainty is central to many Process Systems Engineering (PSE) challenges, where traditional methods often face limitations related to controlling and optimizing complex and stochastic systems.…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-10-29 Maximilian Bloor , Max Mowbray , Ehecatl Antonio Del Rio Chanona , Calvin Tsay

Can we build accurate world models out of large language models (LLMs)? How can world models benefit LLM agents? The gap between the prior knowledge of LLMs and the specified environment's dynamics usually bottlenecks LLMs' performance as…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-04-23 Siyu Zhou , Tianyi Zhou , Yijun Yang , Guodong Long , Deheng Ye , Jing Jiang , Chengqi Zhang

We introduce a sampling perspective to tackle the challenging task of training robust Reinforcement Learning (RL) agents. Leveraging the powerful Stochastic Gradient Langevin Dynamics, we present a novel, scalable two-player RL algorithm,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-11-09 Parameswaran Kamalaruban , Yu-Ting Huang , Ya-Ping Hsieh , Paul Rolland , Cheng Shi , Volkan Cevher

Reinforcement Learning (RL) has become essential for eliciting complex reasoning capabilities in Large Language Models (LLMs). However, the substantial memory overhead of storing Key-Value (KV) caches during long-horizon rollouts acts as a…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-31 Sijia Luo , Xiaokang Zhang , Yuxuan Hu , Bohan Zhang , Ke Wang , Jinbo Su , Mengshu Sun , Lei Liang , Jing Zhang