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A growing body of literature has proposed formal approaches to audit algorithmic systems for biased and harmful behaviors. While formal auditing approaches have been greatly impactful, they often suffer major blindspots, with critical…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2021-08-26 Hong Shen , Alicia DeVos , Motahhare Eslami , Kenneth Holstein

The rapid evolution of machine learning (ML) has led to the widespread adoption of complex "black box" models, such as deep neural networks and ensemble methods. These models exhibit exceptional predictive performance, making them…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-03-28 Moncef Garouani , Josiane Mothe , Ayah Barhrhouj , Julien Aligon

Artificial Intelligence algorithms have now become pervasive in multiple high-stakes domains. However, their internal logic can be obscure to humans. Explainable Artificial Intelligence aims to design tools and techniques to illustrate the…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2024-04-29 Eleonora Cappuccio , Daniele Fadda , Rosa Lanzilotti , Salvatore Rinzivillo

In many areas of data mining, data is collected from humans beings. In this contribution, we ask the question of how people actually respond to ordinal scales. The main problem observed is that users tend to be volatile in their choices,…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2017-03-01 Kevin Jasberg , Sergej Sizov

Methods for interpreting machine learning black-box models increase the outcomes' transparency and in turn generates insight into the reliability and fairness of the algorithms. However, the interpretations themselves could contain…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-06-05 Yujia Zhang , Kuangyan Song , Yiming Sun , Sarah Tan , Madeleine Udell

Recent works have recognized the need for human-centered perspectives when designing and evaluating human-AI interactions and explainable AI methods. Yet, current approaches fall short at intercepting and managing unexpected user behavior…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2022-05-04 Michaela Benk , Raphael Weibel , Andrea Ferrario

Data-trained predictive models see widespread use, but for the most part they are used as black boxes which output a prediction or score. It is therefore hard to acquire a deeper understanding of model behavior, and in particular how…

The profound impact of online reviews on consumer decision-making has made it crucial for businesses to manage negative reviews. Recent advancements in artificial intelligence (AI) technology have offered businesses novel and effective ways…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2025-11-05 Rongping Shen

Algorithms have been becoming increasingly relevant for various decision-making processes in the forms of Decision Support Systems or Decision-making systems in areas such as Criminal-Justice systems, Job Application Filtering, Medicine,…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2023-08-08 Sourabh Zanwar

The research question this report addresses is: how, and to what extent, those directly involved with the design, development and employment of a specific black box algorithm can be certain that it is not unlawfully discriminating (directly…

Databases · Computer Science 2016-04-26 Steffen Staab , Sophie Stalla-Bourdillon , Laura Carmichael

Prompt engineering has emerged as a useful way studying the algorithmic tendencies and biases of large language models. Meanwhile creatives and academics have leveraged LLMs to develop creative works and explore the boundaries of their…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-12-08 P. D. Edgar , Alia Hall

AI systems have been widely adopted across various domains in the real world. However, in high-value, sensitive, or safety-critical applications such as self-management for personalized health or food recommendation with a specific purpose…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2022-06-28 Amit Sheth , Manas Gaur , Kaushik Roy , Revathy Venkataraman , Vedant Khandelwal

Artificial intelligence develops techniques and systems whose performance must be evaluated on a regular basis in order to certify and foster progress in the discipline. We will describe and critically assess the different ways AI systems…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2016-08-23 Jose Hernandez-Orallo

The lack of explainability of a decision from an Artificial Intelligence (AI) based "black box" system/model, despite its superiority in many real-world applications, is a key stumbling block for adopting AI in many high stakes applications…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2021-01-26 Sheikh Rabiul Islam , William Eberle , Sheikh Khaled Ghafoor , Mohiuddin Ahmed

Artificial intelligence (AI) is becoming increasingly more popular and can be found in workplaces and homes around the world. The decisions made by such "black box" systems are often opaque; that is, so complex as to be functionally…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2022-05-27 Rob Geada , Tommaso Teofili , Rui Vieira , Rebecca Whitworth , Daniele Zonca

Algorithms are powerful and necessary tools behind a large part of the information we use every day. However, they may introduce new sources of bias, discrimination and other unfair practices that affect people who are unaware of it.…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2019-08-14 Francesco Ventura , Tania Cerquitelli

It is curious that AI increasingly outperforms human decision makers, yet much of the public distrusts AI to make decisions affecting their lives. In this paper we explore a novel theory that may explain one reason for this. We propose that…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2022-08-03 Bran Knowles , Jason D'Cruz , John T. Richards , Kush R. Varshney

Many research explore how well computers are able to examine emotions displayed by humans and use that data to perform different tasks. However, there have been very few research which evaluate the computers ability to generate emotion…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2023-09-06 Balaram Panda

It is increasingly becoming difficult for human beings to work on their day to day life without going through the process of reverse Turing test, where the Computers tests the users to be humans or not. Almost every website and service…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-06-23 Jimut Bahan Pal

The opaqueness of many complex machine learning algorithms is often mentioned as one of the main obstacles to the ethical development of artificial intelligence (AI). But what does it mean for an algorithm to be opaque? Highly complex…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-08-20 Andrés Páez