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In this paper, we will show methods to interpret some rigid origami with higher degree vertices as the limit case of structures with degree-4 supplementary angle vertices. The interpretation is based on separating each crease into two…

Metric Geometry · Mathematics 2017-09-12 Thomas C. Hull , Tomohiro Tachi

Traditional origami structures can be continuously deformed back to a flat sheet of paper, while traditional kirigami requires glue or seams in order to maintain its rigidity. In the former, non-trivial geometry can be created through…

Materials Science · Physics 2020-01-29 Xinyu Wang , Simon D. Guest , Randall D. Kamien

Rigid origami is a branch of origami with great potential in engineering applications to deal with rigid-panel folding. One of the challenges is to compactly fold the polyhedra made from rigid facets with a single degree of freedom. In this…

Applied Physics · Physics 2020-05-15 Yuanqing Gu , Yan Chen

Self-folding origami, structures that are engineered flat to fold into targeted, three-dimensional shapes, have many potential engineering applications. Though significant effort in recent years has been devoted to designing fold patterns…

Soft Condensed Matter · Physics 2022-03-25 M. E. Lee-Trimble , Ji-Hwan Kang , Ryan C. Hayward , Christian D. Santangelo

In this paper, we investigate rigid-ruling folding motions of crease-rule patterns, that is, conjugacy-preserving isometries of developable semi-discrete conjugate nets. We derive two conditions for the rigid-ruling foldability of pairs of…

Differential Geometry · Mathematics 2026-03-09 Klara Mundilova

We analyze the problem of folding one polyhedron, viewed as a metric graph of its edges, into the shape of another, similar to 1D origami. We find such foldings between all pairs of Platonic solids and prove corresponding lower bounds,…

Computational Geometry · Computer Science 2024-12-20 Lily Chung , Erik D. Demaine , Martin L. Demaine , Markus Hecher , Rebecca Lin , Jayson Lynch , Chie Nara

The art and science of folding intricate three-dimensional structures out of paper has occupied artists, designers, engineers, and mathematicians for decades, culminating in the design of deployable structures and mechanical metamaterials.…

Computational Physics · Physics 2016-01-12 Friedrich Bös , Etienne Vouga , Omer Gottesman , Max Wardetzky

Non-Euclidean origami is a promising technique for designing multistable deployable structures folded from nonplanar developable surfaces. The impossibility of flat foldability inherent to non-Euclidean origami results in two disconnected…

Soft Condensed Matter · Physics 2023-07-20 Clark Addis , Salvador Rojas , Andres F. Arrieta

Define the augmented square twist origami crease pattern to be the classic square twist crease pattern with one crease added along a diagonal of the twisted square. In this paper we fully describe the rigid foldability of this new crease…

Metric Geometry · Mathematics 2018-09-14 Thomas C. Hull , Michael T. Urbanski

Thick origami structures are considered here as assemblies of polygonal panels hinged to each other along their edges according to a corresponding origami crease pattern. The determination of the internal actions caused by external loads in…

Soft Condensed Matter · Physics 2024-05-21 Andrea Micheletti , Alessandro Tiero , Giuseppe Tomassetti

Bistability and snap-through instabilities are central to various mechanisms in nature and engineering, enabling rapid movement and large shape changes with minimal energy input. These phenomena are easily demonstrated by bending a piece of…

Soft Condensed Matter · Physics 2024-10-04 Tom Marzin , Barath Venkateswaran , Thomas Baroux , P. -T. Brun

We prove the computational intractability of rotating and placing $n$ square tiles into a $1 \times n$ array such that adjacent tiles are compatible--either equal edge colors, as in edge-matching puzzles, or matching tab/pocket shapes, as…

Computational Complexity · Computer Science 2017-01-03 Jeffrey Bosboom , Erik D. Demaine , Martin L. Demaine , Adam Hesterberg , Pasin Manurangsi , Anak Yodpinyanee

We show that packing axis-aligned unit squares into a simple polygon $P$ is NP-hard, even when $P$ is an orthogonal and orthogonally convex polygon with half-integer coordinates. It has been known since the early 80s that packing unit…

Computational Geometry · Computer Science 2024-04-19 Mikkel Abrahamsen , Jack Stade

Rigid origami has shown potential in large diversity of practical applications. However, current rigid origami crease pattern design mostly relies on known tessellations. This strongly limits the diversity and novelty of patterns that can…

Graphics · Computer Science 2023-05-01 Jeremia Geiger , Karolis Martinkus , Oliver Richter , Roger Wattenhofer

Origami, the traditional art of paper folding, has revolutionized science and technology in recent years and has been found useful in various real-world applications. In particular, origami-inspired structures have been utilized for…

Soft Condensed Matter · Physics 2025-06-19 Rongxuan Li , Gary P. T. Choi

Traditionally, origami has been categorized into two groups according to their kinematics design: rigid and non-rigid origami. However, such categorization can be superficial, and rigid origami can obtain new mechanical properties by…

Applied Physics · Physics 2021-07-13 Jiayue Tao , Suyi Li

Designing a robot or structure that can fold itself into a target shape is a process that involves challenges originated from multiple sources. For example, the designer of rigid self-folding robots must consider foldability from geometric…

Robotics · Computer Science 2020-11-23 Yue Hao , Weilin Guan , Edwin A Peraza Hernandez , Jyh-Ming Lien

The main goal of this paper is to show that shellability is NP-hard for triangulated d-balls (this also gives hardness for triangulated d-manifolds/d-pseudomanifolds with boundary) as soon as d is at least 3. This extends our earlier work…

Computational Geometry · Computer Science 2024-07-26 Pavel Paták , Martin Tancer

One-dimensional slender bodies can be deformed or shaped into spatially complex curves relatively easily due to their inherent compliance. However, traditional methods of fabricating complex spatial shapes are cumbersome, prone to error…

Applied Physics · Physics 2019-01-30 Soroush Kamrava , Ranajay Ghosh , Yu Yang , Ashkan Vaziri

Origami crease patterns are folding paths that transform flat sheets into spatial objects. Origami patterns with a single degree of freedom (DOF) have creases that fold simultaneously. More often, several substeps are required to…

Computational Engineering, Finance, and Science · Computer Science 2020-06-11 Yucai Hu , Haiyi Liang