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From the perspective of information theory and cryptography, we analyze the security of two quantum dialogue protocols and a bidirectional quantum secure direct communication (QSDC) protocol, and point out that the transmitted information…
Counterfactual quantum key distribution provides natural advantage against the eavesdropping on the actual signal particles. It can prevent the photon-number-splitting attack when a weak coherent light source is used for the practical…
A two-layer quantum protocol for secure transmission of data using qubits is presented. The protocol is an improvement over the BB84 QKD protocol. BB84, in conjunction with the one-time pad algorithm, has been shown to be unconditionally…
Since the introduction of quantum computation by Richard Feynman in 1982, Quantum computation has shown exemplary results in various applications of computer science including unstructured database search, factorization, molecular…
We prove the security of quantum key distribution against the most general attacks which can be performed on the channel, by an eavesdropper who has unlimited computation abilities, and the full power allowed by the rules of classical and…
We propose several methods for quantum key distribution (QKD) based upon the generation and transmission of random distributions of coherent or squeezed states, and we show that they are are secure against individual eavesdropping attacks.…
Information-theoretical security of quantum key distribution (QKD) has been convincingly proven in recent years and remarkable experiments have shown the potential of QKD for real world applications. Due to its unique capability of…
Experimental Quantum Key Distribution (QKD) protocols have to consist of not only the unconditionally secure quantum transmission, but also a subsequent classical exchange that enables key reconciliation and error correction. There is a…
Secure communication protocols are becoming increasingly important, e.g. for internet-based communication. Quantum key distribution allows two parties, commonly called Alice and Bob, to generate a secret sequence of 0s and 1s called a key…
We find a resonance behavior in the disturbance when an eavesdropper chooses a near-optimal strategy intentionally or unintentionally when the usual Bennett-Brassard cryptographic scheme is performed between two trusted parties. This…
A generalization of the quantum cryptographic protocol by Bennett and Brassard is discussed, using three conjugate bases, i.e. six states. By calculating the optimal mutual information between sender and eavesdropper it is shown that this…
A simplified eavesdropping-strategy for BB84 protocol in quantum cryptography (refer to quant-ph/9812022) is proposed. This scheme implements by the `indirect copying' technology. Under this scheme, eavesdropper can exactly obtain the…
Quantum Key Distribution or QKD provides symmetric key distribution using the quantum mechanics/channels with new security properties. The security of QKD relies on the difficulty of the quantum state discrimination problem. We discover…
We demonstrate how adversaries with unbounded computing resources can break Quantum Key Distribution (QKD) protocols which employ a particular message authentication code suggested previously. This authentication code, featuring low key…
Quantum key distribution (QKD) protocols are proven secure based on fundamental physical laws, however, the proofs consider a well-defined setting and encoding of the sent quantum signals only. Side channels, where the encoded quantum state…
We developed a modified version of a conventional (BB84) quantum key distribution protocol that can be understood and implemented by students at a pre-university level. We intentionally introduce a subtle but critical simplification to the…
With the development of quantum computers, traditional cryptographic systems are facing more and more serious security threats. Fortunately, quantum key distribution (QKD) and post-quantum cryptography (PQC) are two cryptographic mechanisms…
Quantum-based cryptographic protocols are often said to enjoy security guaranteed by the fundamental laws of physics. However, even carefully designed quantum-based cryptographic schemes may be susceptible to subtle attacks that are outside…
We have developed a method to calculate a secret key rate of a continuous-variable quantum-key-distribution scheme using four coherent states and postselection for a general model of Gaussian attacks. We assume that the transmission line…
The malicious manipulation of quantum key distribution (QKD) hardware is a serious threat to its security, as, typically, neither end users nor QKD manufacturers can validate the integrity of every component of their QKD system in practice.…