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Shor and Preskill have provided a simple proof of security of the standard quantum key distribution scheme by Bennett and Brassard (BB84) by demonstrating a connection between key distribution and entanglement purification protocols with…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2007-05-23 Daniel Gottesman , Hoi-Kwong Lo

This paper suggests an improvement to the BB84 scheme in Quantum key distribution. The original scheme has its weakness in letting quantifiably more information gain to an eavesdropper during public announcement of unencrypted bases lists.…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2007-05-23 C. Sanjeevakumar , M. Kasi Rajan , L. Sudarsan , R. Venkatesh , N. Srinivasan

Many quantum key distribution (QKD) schemes are based on sending and measuring qubits -- two-dimensional quantum systems. Yet, in practical realizations and experiments, the measuring devices at the receiver's (Bob) site commonly do not…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2016-05-23 Ran Gelles , Tal Mor

Semi-quantum key distribution protocols are allowed to set up a secure secret key between two users. Compared with their full quantum counterparts, one of the two users is restricted to perform some "classical" or "semi-quantum" operations,…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2017-06-16 Wei Zhang , Daowen Qiu , Paulo Mateus

The ability of an eavesdropper to compromise the security of a quantum communication system by changing the angle of the incoming light is well-known. Randomizing the role of the detectors has been proposed to be an efficient countermeasure…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2021-01-12 M A Ruhul Fatin , Shihan Sajeed

I propose a new quantum key distribution protocol that uses the five qubit error correction code to detect the presence of eavesdropper reliably. The protocol turns any information theoretical attacks into a classical guess about the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-12-16 Mehedi Hasan Rumi

We propose a quantum key distribution scheme by using screening angles and analyzing detectors which enable to notice the presence of Eve who eavesdrops the quantum channel, as the revised protocol of the recent quantum key distribution…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2007-05-23 Won-Ho Kye

The Bennett-Brassard 1984 protocol (BB84 protocol) is one of the simplest protocols for implementing quantum key distribution (QKD). In the protocol, the sender and the receiver iteratively choose one of two complementary measurement bases.…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-12-01 Shun Kawakami , Atsushi Taniguchi , Yoshihide Tonomura , Koichi Takasugi , Koji Azuma

The security of a high speed quantum key distribution system with finite detector dead time \tau is analyzed. When the transmission rate becomes higher than the maximum count rate of the individual detectors (1/\tau ), security issues…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2015-03-17 Viacheslav Burenkov , Bing Qi , Ben Fortescue , Hoi-Kwong Lo

We devise a new quantum key distribution scheme that is more efficient than the BB84 protocol. By pre-announcing basis, Alice and Bob are more likely to use the same basis to prepare and measure the qubits, thus achieves a higher…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2015-06-23 Jingliang Gao , Changhua Zhu , Heling Xiao

Standard protocols for quantum key distribution (QKD) require that the sender be able to transmit in two or more mutually unbiased bases. Here, we analyze the extent to which the performance of QKD is degraded by diffraction effects that…

We consider a man-in-the-middle attack on two-way quantum key distribution ping-pong and LM05 protocols in which an eavesdropper copies all messages in the message mode, while being undetectable in the mode. Under the attack there is…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2021-02-02 Mladen Pavicic

One of the challenges in practical quantum key distribution is dealing with efficiency mismatch between different threshold single-photon detectors. There are known bounds for the secret key rate for the BB84 protocol with…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2019-03-06 M. K. Bochkov , A. S. Trushechkin

Despite enormous progress both in theoretical and experimental quantum cryptography, the security of most current implementations of quantum key distribution is still not established rigorously. One of the main problems is that the security…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2012-10-18 Marco Tomamichel , Charles Ci Wen Lim , Nicolas Gisin , Renato Renner

Quantum key distribution performs the trick of growing a secret key in two distant places connected by a quantum channel. The main reason is that the legitimate users can bound the information gathered by the eavesdropper. In practical…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2013-06-03 David Elkouss , Jesus Martinez-Mateo , Vicente Martin

In theory, quantum key distribution (QKD) allows secure communications between two parties based on physical laws. However, most of the security proofs of QKD today make unrealistic assumptions and neglect many relevant device…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2019-08-06 Margarida Pereira , Marcos Curty , Kiyoshi Tamaki

Quantum key distribution (QKD) offers the promise of absolutely secure communications. However, proofs of absolute security often assume perfect implementation from theory to experiment. Thus, existing systems may be prone to insidious…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2014-06-23 Samuel L. Braunstein , Stefano Pirandola

Quantum key distribution is on the verge of real world applications, where perfectly secure information can be distributed among multiple parties. Several quantum cryptographic protocols have been theoretically proposed and independently…

Quantum Key Distribution (QKD) provides information-theoretic security by exploiting the principles of quantum mechanics. Among QKD protocols, the BB84 scheme remains the most widely adopted for both theoretical research and practical…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-03-31 Jaydeep Rath , Prajwal Panth , P. S. N. Bhaskar

We consider two-way continuous-variable quantum key distribution, studying its security against general eavesdropping strategies. Assuming the asymptotic limit of many signals exchanged, we prove that two-way Gaussian protocols are immune…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2017-05-09 Carlo Ottaviani , Stefano Pirandola