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While deep reinforcement learning (deep RL) agents are effective at maximizing rewards, it is often unclear what strategies they use to do so. In this paper, we take a step toward explaining deep RL agents through a case study using Atari…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2018-09-12 Sam Greydanus , Anurag Koul , Jonathan Dodge , Alan Fern

In neuroscience, attention has been shown to bidirectionally interact with reinforcement learning (RL) processes. This interaction is thought to support dimensionality reduction of task representations, restricting computations to relevant…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2020-07-14 Lennart Bramlage , Aurelio Cortese

Deep reinforcement learning (DRL) policies have been shown to be deceived by perturbations (e.g., random noise or intensional adversarial attacks) on state observations that appear at test time but are unknown during training. To increase…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-12-25 Xinghua Qu , Yew-Soon Ong , Abhishek Gupta , Zhu Sun

Reinforcement learning (RL) has demonstrated its ability to solve high dimensional tasks by leveraging non-linear function approximators. However, these successes are mostly achieved by 'black-box' policies in simulated domains. When…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-11-19 Riad Akrour , Davide Tateo , Jan Peters

Neural networks are effective function approximators, but hard to train in the reinforcement learning (RL) context mainly because samples are correlated. For years, scholars have got around this by employing experience replay or an…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-05-06 Budi Kurniawan , Peter Vamplew , Michael Papasimeon , Richard Dazeley , Cameron Foale

Deep learning networks have achieved state-of-the-art accuracies on computer vision workloads like image classification and object detection. The performant systems, however, typically involve big models with numerous parameters. Once…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2017-11-17 Asit Mishra , Debbie Marr

This work proposes a novel model-free Reinforcement Learning (RL) agent that is able to learn how to complete an unknown task having access to only a part of the input observation. We take inspiration from the concepts of visual attention…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-01-16 Gonçalo Querido , Alberto Sardinha , Francisco S. Melo

Despite success in many challenging problems, reinforcement learning (RL) is still confronted with sample inefficiency, which can be mitigated by introducing prior knowledge to agents. However, many transfer techniques in reinforcement…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-09-21 Matheus Centa , Philippe Preux

Model-based reinforcement learning agents utilizing transformers have shown improved sample efficiency due to their ability to model extended context, resulting in more accurate world models. However, for complex reasoning and planning…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-06-04 Pranav Agarwal , Sheldon Andrews , Samira Ebrahimi Kahou

Cognitive science and psychology suggest that object-centric representations of complex scenes are a promising step towards enabling efficient abstract reasoning from low-level perceptual features. Yet, most deep reinforcement learning…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-02-28 Quentin Delfosse , Jannis Blüml , Bjarne Gregori , Sebastian Sztwiertnia , Kristian Kersting

Intelligent agents need to generalize from past experience to achieve goals in complex environments. World models facilitate such generalization and allow learning behaviors from imagined outcomes to increase sample-efficiency. While…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-02-15 Danijar Hafner , Timothy Lillicrap , Mohammad Norouzi , Jimmy Ba

Reinforcement learning (RL) has shown great success in solving many challenging tasks via use of deep neural networks. Although using deep learning for RL brings immense representational power, it also causes a well-known…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-04-18 Sahir , Ercüment İlhan , Srijita Das , Matthew E. Taylor

In this work we continue to build upon recent advances in reinforcement learning for finite Markov processes. A common approach among previous existing algorithms, both single-actor and distributed, is to either clip rewards or to apply a…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-12-15 Björn Lindenberg , Jonas Nordqvist , Karl-Olof Lindahl

With the long-term goal of reducing the image processing time on an autonomous mobile robot in mind we explore in this paper the use of log-polar like image data with gaze control. The gaze control is not done on the Cartesian image but on…

Robotics · Computer Science 2023-09-25 Robin Göransson , Volker Krueger

Reinforcement learning (RL) in discrete action space is ubiquitous in real-world applications, but its complexity grows exponentially with the action-space dimension, making it challenging to apply existing on-policy gradient based deep RL…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2020-02-24 Yuguang Yue , Yunhao Tang , Mingzhang Yin , Mingyuan Zhou

In order perform a large variety of tasks and to achieve human-level performance in complex real-world environments, Artificial Intelligence (AI) Agents must be able to learn from their past experiences and gain both knowledge and an…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-05-13 Andrei Claudiu Roibu

Deep Reinforcement Learning (DRL) has produced great achievements since it was proposed, including the possibility of processing raw vision input data. However, training an agent to perform tasks based on image feedback remains a challenge.…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-04-26 Victor Augusto Kich , Junior Costa de Jesus , Ricardo Bedin Grando , Alisson Henrique Kolling , Gabriel Vinícius Heisler , Rodrigo da Silva Guerra

One of the main goals of reinforcement learning (RL) is to provide a~way for physical machines to learn optimal behavior instead of being programmed. However, effective control of the machines usually requires fine time discretization. The…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-07-12 Jakub Łyskawa , Paweł Wawrzyński

Although transfer learning is considered to be a milestone in deep reinforcement learning, the mechanisms behind it are still poorly understood. In particular, predicting if knowledge can be transferred between two given tasks is still an…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-10-06 Valentin Guillet , Dennis G. Wilson , Carlos Aguilar-Melchor , Emmanuel Rachelson

Many real-world applications such as robotics provide hard constraints on power and compute that limit the viable model complexity of Reinforcement Learning (RL) agents. Similarly, in many distributed RL settings, acting is done on…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-04-06 Emilio Parisotto , Ruslan Salakhutdinov