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A classic result in the theory of extensive-form games asserts that the set of strategies available to any perfect-recall player is strategically equivalent to a low-dimensional convex polytope, called the sequence-form polytope. Online…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2024-02-20 Brian Hu Zhang , Gabriele Farina , Tuomas Sandholm

We study online learning and equilibrium computation in games with polyhedral decision sets, a property shared by both normal-form games and extensive-form games (EFGs), when the learning agent is restricted to using a best-response oracle.…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2023-12-07 Darshan Chakrabarti , Gabriele Farina , Christian Kroer

No-regret learning has been widely used to compute a Nash equilibrium in two-person zero-sum games. However, there is still a lack of regret analysis for network stochastic zero-sum games, where players competing in two subnetworks only…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2022-05-31 Shijie Huang , Jinlong Lei , Yiguang Hong

We study the problem of characterizing the set of games that are consistent with observed equilibrium play. Our contribution is to develop and analyze a new methodology based on convex optimization to address this problem for many classes…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2017-03-23 Juba Ziani , Venkat Chandrasekaran , Katrina Ligett

Several works have shown unconditional hardness (via integrality gaps) of computing equilibria using strong hierarchies of convex relaxations. Such results however only apply to the problem of computing equilibria that optimize a certain…

Computational Complexity · Computer Science 2018-06-26 Pravesh K. Kothari , Ruta Mehta

In this paper, we investigate the power of {\it regularization}, a common technique in reinforcement learning and optimization, in solving extensive-form games (EFGs). We propose a series of new algorithms based on regularizing the payoff…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2025-07-10 Mingyang Liu , Asuman Ozdaglar , Tiancheng Yu , Kaiqing Zhang

This paper investigates the problem of computing the equilibrium of competitive games, which is often modeled as a constrained saddle-point optimization problem with probability simplex constraints. Despite recent efforts in understanding…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2023-01-23 Shicong Cen , Yuting Wei , Yuejie Chi

In this work, we study potential games and Markov potential games under stochastic cost and bandit feedback. We propose a variant of the Frank-Wolfe algorithm with sufficient exploration and recursive gradient estimation, which provably…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2024-04-11 Jing Dong , Baoxiang Wang , Yaoliang Yu

Zero-sum games have long guided artificial intelligence research, since they possess both a rich strategy space of best-responses and a clear evaluation metric. What's more, competition is a vital mechanism in many real-world multi-agent…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2020-03-03 Edward Hughes , Thomas W. Anthony , Tom Eccles , Joel Z. Leibo , David Balduzzi , Yoram Bachrach

The problem of computing a common point that lies in the intersection of a finite number of closed convex sets, each known to one agent in a network, is studied. This issue, known as the distributed convex feasibility problem or the…

Multiagent Systems · Computer Science 2020-08-11 Dimitris Ampeliotis , Kostas Berberidis

This paper develops a unified framework for zero-sum games in which both the pure strategies and the payoff matrices contain complex-valued entries. By leveraging a linear isomorphism between complex and real vector spaces, we extend key…

General Mathematics · Mathematics 2026-05-21 Raneem Madani , Abdel Lisser , Zeno Toffano

The standard risk minimization paradigm of machine learning is brittle when operating in environments whose test distributions are different from the training distribution due to spurious correlations. Training on data from many…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-03-20 Kartik Ahuja , Karthikeyan Shanmugam , Kush R. Varshney , Amit Dhurandhar

Two-player complete-information game trees are perhaps the simplest possible setting for studying general-sum games and the computational problem of finding equilibria. These games admit a simple bottom-up algorithm for finding subgame…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2012-07-02 Michael L. Littman , Nishkam Ravi , Arjun Talwar , Martin Zinkevich

To establish last-iterate convergence for Counterfactual Regret Minimization (CFR) algorithms in learning a Nash equilibrium (NE) of extensive-form games (EFGs), recent studies reformulate learning an NE of the original EFG as learning the…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2025-03-19 Linjian Meng , Youzhi Zhang , Zhenxing Ge , Shangdong Yang , Tianyu Ding , Wenbin Li , Tianpei Yang , Bo An , Yang Gao

Correlated equilibrium generalizes Nash equilibrium by allowing a central coordinator to guide players' actions through shared recommendations, similar to how routing apps guide drivers. We investigate how a coordinator can learn a…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2025-09-16 Zhenlong Fang , Aryan Deshwal , Yue Yu

By incorporating regret minimization, double oracle methods have demonstrated rapid convergence to Nash Equilibrium (NE) in normal-form games and extensive-form games, through algorithms such as online double oracle (ODO) and extensive-form…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2023-07-14 Xiaohang Tang , Le Cong Dinh , Stephen Marcus McAleer , Yaodong Yang

Online learning algorithms that minimize regret provide strong guarantees in situations that involve repeatedly making decisions in an uncertain environment, e.g. a driver deciding what route to drive to work every day. While regret…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2013-09-06 Jeremiah Blocki , Nicolas Christin , Anupam Datta , Arunesh Sinha

We investigate a repeated two-player zero-sum game setting where the column player is also a designer of the system, and has full control on the design of the payoff matrix. In addition, the row player uses a no-regret algorithm to…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2023-02-16 Le Cong Dinh , Nick Bishop , Long Tran-Thanh

A solution concept that is a refinement of Nash equilibria selects for each finite game a nonempty collection of closed and connected subsets of Nash equilibria as solutions. We impose three axioms for such solution concepts. The axiom of…

Theoretical Economics · Economics 2025-04-24 Srihari Govindan , Robert B. Wilson

Decision making in modern large-scale and complex systems such as communication networks, smart electricity grids, and cyber-physical systems motivate novel game-theoretic approaches. This paper investigates big strategic (non-cooperative)…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2016-09-22 Tansu Alpcan , Benjamin I. P. Rubinstein , Christopher Leckie
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