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Zero-sum games have long guided artificial intelligence research, since they possess both a rich strategy space of best-responses and a clear evaluation metric. What's more, competition is a vital mechanism in many real-world multi-agent…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2020-03-03 Edward Hughes , Thomas W. Anthony , Tom Eccles , Joel Z. Leibo , David Balduzzi , Yoram Bachrach

Natural selection drives species to develop brains, with sizes that increase with the complexity of the tasks to be tackled. Our goal is to investigate the balance between the metabolic costs of larger brains compared to the advantage they…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2021-01-28 Oren Neumann , Claudius Gros

Drawing an inspiration from behavioral studies of human decision making, we propose here a general parametric framework for a reinforcement learning problem, which extends the standard Q-learning approach to incorporate a two-stream…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-11-14 Baihan Lin , Djallel Bouneffouf , Guillermo Cecchi

We introduce a quantitative framework for separating skill and chance in games by modeling them as complementary sources of control over stochastic decision trees. We define the Skill-Luck Index S(G) in [-1, 1] by decomposing game outcomes…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-11-18 David H. Silver

This abstract proposes an approach towards goal-oriented modeling of the detection and modeling complex social phenomena in multiparty discourse in an online political strategy game. We developed a two-tier approach that first encodes…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-01-05 Hansin Ahuja , Lynnette Hui Xian Ng , Kokil Jaidka

In fighting games, individual players of the same skill level often exhibit distinct strategies from one another through their gameplay. Despite this, the majority of AI agents for fighting games have only a single strategy for each "level"…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-11-08 Emily Halina , Matthew Guzdial

Autonomous systems can substantially enhance a human's efficiency and effectiveness in complex environments. Machines, however, are often unable to observe the preferences of the humans that they serve. Despite the fact that the human's and…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2017-05-29 Agostino Capponi , Reza Ghanadan , Matt Stern

Game-based benchmarks have been playing an essential role in the development of Artificial Intelligence (AI) techniques. Providing diverse challenges is crucial to push research toward innovation and understanding in modern techniques.…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2019-04-04 Ivan Bravi , Simon Lucas , Diego Perez-Liebana , Jialin Liu

Artificial Intelligence (AI) technologies could be broadly categorised into Analytics and Autonomy. Analytics focuses on algorithms offering perception, comprehension, and projection of knowledge gleaned from sensorial data. Autonomy…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2018-12-24 Hussein Abbass , John Harvey , Kate Yaxley

We construct a symmetric, simultaneous, deterministic evolution game $SGo$, which is in a certain mathematical sense a symmetrization of the classical board game Go. $SGo$ is in some ways a simpler game than Go, as Komi, Ko and suicide…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2025-08-13 Yasha Savelyev

Reinforcement learning (RL) is a general paradigm for studying intelligent behaviour, with applications ranging from artificial intelligence to psychology and economics. AIXI is a universal solution to the RL problem; it can learn any…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2016-06-03 Jarryd Martin , Tom Everitt , Marcus Hutter

Neuro-symbolic artificial intelligence (NSAI) represents a transformative approach in artificial intelligence (AI) by combining deep learning's ability to handle large-scale and unstructured data with the structured reasoning of symbolic…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-02-18 Oualid Bougzime , Samir Jabbar , Christophe Cruz , Frédéric Demoly

The latest developments in AI focus on agentic systems where artificial and human agents cooperate to realize global goals. An example is collaborative learning, which aims to train a global model based on data from individual agents. A…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2025-08-20 Björn Filter , Ralf Möller , Özgür Lütfü Özçep

Consistent and reproducible evaluation of Deep Reinforcement Learning (DRL) is not straightforward. In the Arcade Learning Environment (ALE), small changes in environment parameters such as stochasticity or the maximum allowed play time can…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2019-11-11 Marin Toromanoff , Emilie Wirbel , Fabien Moutarde

Reinforcement learning is a general and powerful framework with which to study and implement artificial intelligence. Recent advances in deep learning have enabled RL algorithms to achieve impressive performance in restricted domains such…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2017-05-23 John Aslanides

We present the Social Influence Game (SIG), a framework for modeling adversarial persuasion in social networks with an arbitrary number of competing players. Our goal is to provide a tractable and interpretable model of contested influence…

Social and Information Networks · Computer Science 2026-05-27 Renukanandan Tumu , Cristian Ioan Vasile , Victor Preciado , Rahul Mangharam

Zero-sum games such as chess and poker are, abstractly, functions that evaluate pairs of agents, for example labeling them `winner' and `loser'. If the game is approximately transitive, then self-play generates sequences of agents of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-05-14 David Balduzzi , Marta Garnelo , Yoram Bachrach , Wojciech M. Czarnecki , Julien Perolat , Max Jaderberg , Thore Graepel

We propose GAM-Agent, a game-theoretic multi-agent framework for enhancing vision-language reasoning. Unlike prior single-agent or monolithic models, GAM-Agent formulates the reasoning process as a non-zero-sum game between base…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-05-30 Jusheng Zhang , Yijia Fan , Wenjun Lin , Ruiqi Chen , Haoyi Jiang , Wenhao Chai , Jian Wang , Keze Wang

We introduce a real-time strategy game environment based on Generals.io, a game with thousands of weekly active players. Our environment is fully compatible with Gymnasium and PettingZoo and is capable of running thousands of frames per…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-07-11 Matej Straka , Martin Schmid

A natural goal in multiagent learning besides finding equilibria is to learn rationalizable behavior, where players learn to avoid iteratively dominated actions. However, even in the basic setting of multiplayer general-sum games, existing…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-10-21 Yuanhao Wang , Dingwen Kong , Yu Bai , Chi Jin