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We introduce and consider a certain probability question involving elementary number theory and the likelihood that a fixed prime will appear in a certain recursively defined factorization of an integer. We derive several convergent…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2014-06-17 Patrick Devlin , Edinah Gnang

Crowd simulation is important for video-games design, since it enables to populate virtual worlds with autonomous avatars that navigate in a human-like manner. Reinforcement learning has shown great potential in simulating virtual crowds,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-09-25 Ariel Kwiatkowski , Vicky Kalogeiton , Julien Pettré , Marie-Paule Cani

In this paper, we define the upper (resp. lower) covariance under multiple probabilities via a corresponding max-min-max (resp. min-max-min) optimization problem and the related properties of covariances are obtained. In particular, we…

Probability · Mathematics 2024-02-28 Xinpeng Li , Jingxu Niu , Ke Zhou

Performance prediction or forecasting sporting outcomes involves a great deal of insight into the particular area one is dealing with, and a considerable amount of intuition about the factors that bear on such outcomes and performances. The…

Empowerment quantifies the influence an agent has on its environment. This is formally achieved by the maximum of the expected KL-divergence between the distribution of the successor state conditioned on a specific action and a distribution…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2015-09-29 Maximilian Karl , Justin Bayer , Patrick van der Smagt

Performance evaluations are critical for quantifying algorithmic advances in reinforcement learning. Recent reproducibility analyses have shown that reported performance results are often inconsistent and difficult to replicate. In this…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-08-14 Scott M. Jordan , Yash Chandak , Daniel Cohen , Mengxue Zhang , Philip S. Thomas

We study finite-memory (FM) determinacy in games on finite graphs, a central question for applications in controller synthesis, as FM strategies correspond to implementable controllers. We establish general conditions under which FM…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2018-10-08 Stéphane Le Roux , Arno Pauly , Mickael Randour

In this paper, we obtain an asymptotic formula for the persistence probability in the positive real line of a random polynomial arising from evolutionary game theory. It corresponds to the probability that a multi-player two-strategy random…

Analysis of PDEs · Mathematics 2019-05-31 Van Hao Can , Manh Hong Duong , Viet Hung Pham

To make a joint decision, agents (or voters) are often required to provide their preferences as linear orders. To determine a winner, the given linear orders can be aggregated according to a voting protocol. However, in realistic settings,…

Computational Complexity · Computer Science 2010-05-03 Nadja Betzler , Britta Dorn

It is shown that an equiprobability hypothesis leads to a scenario in which it is possible to predict the outcome of a single toss of a fair coin with a success probability greater than 50%. We discuss whether this hypothesis might be…

Other Statistics · Statistics 2017-10-04 James Stein , Leonard M. Wapner

Checking two probabilistic automata for equivalence has been shown to be a key problem for efficiently establishing various behavioural and anonymity properties of probabilistic systems. In recent experiments a randomised equivalence test…

Formal Languages and Automata Theory · Computer Science 2012-01-09 Stefan Kiefer , Andrzej S. Murawski , Joël Ouaknine , Björn Wachter , James Worrell

In this paper we consider a scenario where there are several algorithms for solving a given problem. Each algorithm is associated with a probability of success and a cost, and there is also a penalty for failing to solve the problem. The…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2020-08-11 Shlomo Moran , Irad Yavneh

We present a formalism that captures the process of proving quantum superiority to skeptics as an interactive game between two agents, supervised by a referee. Bob, is sampling from a classical distribution on a quantum device that is…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-07-06 Daniel Stilck França , Raul Garcia-Patron

We present a novel method to compute \emph{permissive winning strategies} in two-player games over finite graphs with $ \omega $-regular winning conditions. Given a game graph $G$ and a parity winning condition $\Phi$, we compute a…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2024-01-23 Ashwani Anand , Satya Prakash Nayak , Anne-Kathrin Schmuck

Wildfire propagation is a highly stochastic process where small changes in environmental conditions (such as wind speed and direction) can lead to large changes in observed behaviour. A traditional approach to quantify uncertainty in…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-09-04 Andrew Bolt , Conrad Sanderson , Joel Janek Dabrowski , Carolyn Huston , Petra Kuhnert

Here we present a combinatorial decision problem, inspired by the celebrated quiz show called the countdown, that involves the computation of a given target number T from a set of k randomly chosen integers along with a set of arithmetic…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2015-06-05 Lucas Lacasa , Bartolo Luque

We consider the problem of predicting winners in elections, for the case where we are given complete knowledge about all possible candidates, all possible voters (together with their preferences), but where it is uncertain either which…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2016-03-27 Krzysztof Wojtas , Krzysztof Magiera , Tomasz Miąsko , Piotr Faliszewski

We consider average-energy games, where the goal is to minimize the long-run average of the accumulated energy. While several results have been obtained on these games recently, decidability of average-energy games with a lower-bound…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2017-01-16 Patricia Bouyer , Piotr Hofman , Nicolas Markey , Mickael Randour , Martin Zimmermann

Process mining is a scientific discipline that analyzes event data, often collected in databases called event logs. Recently, uncertain event logs have become of interest, which contain non-deterministic and stochastic event attributes that…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2022-04-05 Marco Pegoraro , Bianka Bakullari , Merih Seran Uysal , Wil M. P. van der Aalst

Estimating the unknown reward functions driving agents' behaviors is of central interest in inverse reinforcement learning and game theory. To tackle this problem, we develop a unified framework for reward function recovery in two-player…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-20 Junyi Liao , Zihan Zhu , Ethan Fang , Zhuoran Yang , Vahid Tarokh
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