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Soft processes in pp and AA interactions are considered in the framework of phenomenological model with color strings formation and fusion. Elementary parton collisions are realized in the model as the interaction of two colour dipoles from…

Nuclear Theory · Physics 2022-09-21 Vladimir Kovalenko , Vladimir Vechernin

We analyse strangeness production in proton-proton (pp) collisions at SPS and RHIC energies, using the recently advanced NeXus approach. After having verified that the model reproduces well the existing data, we interpret the results:…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2009-11-07 Hans-Joachim Drescher , Joerg Aichelin , Klaus Werner

In a framework of a semi-analytic model with longitudinally extended strings of fluctuating end-points, we demonstrate that the rapidity spectra and two-particle correlations in collisions of Pb-Pb, p-Pb, and p-p at the energies of the…

Nuclear Theory · Physics 2021-11-17 Martin Rohrmoser , Wojciech Broniowski

The dynamics of partons, hadrons and strings in relativistic nucleus-nucleus collisions is analyzed within the novel Parton-Hadron-String Dynamics (PHSD) transport approach, which is applied to Pb+Pb collisions from 20 to 160 A GeV in order…

Nuclear Theory · Physics 2009-11-23 W. Cassing , E. L. Bratkovskaya

Making use of recently released data on dihadron correlations by the STAR collaboration, I analyze the long-range ("ridge-like") part of these data and show that the dependence on both transverse momentum as well as orientation with respect…

Nuclear Theory · Physics 2015-03-17 Matthew Luzum

The modelling of the formation of colour-singlet hadrons from coloured partons, known as Hadronization, is crucial for generating realistic events in Monte Carlo Event Generators. Due to limited understanding of the non-perturbative regime,…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2025-09-03 Michaela Divisova , Miroslav Myska , Pratixan Sarmah , Andrzej Siódmok

The striking resemblance of high multiplicity proton-proton (pp) collisions at the LHC to heavy ion collisions challenges our conventional wisdom on the formation of the Quark-Gluon Plasma (QGP). A consistent explanation of the collectivity…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2021-08-30 Liang Zheng , Guang-Hui Zhang , Yun-Fan Liu , Zi-Wei Lin , Qi-Ye Shou , Zhong-Bao Yin

Collective behavior has been observed in high-energy heavy-ion collisions for several decades. Collectivity is driven by the high particle multiplicities that are produced in these collisions. At the CERN Large Hadron Collider (LHC),…

Nuclear Experiment · Physics 2024-06-10 ALICE Collaboration

The spin effects in the hadronization process have been included for the first time in the PYTHIA 8 event generator. The spin effects are limited to the production of pseudo-scalar mesons and are obtained from the propagation of the quark…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2019-09-06 Albi Kerbizi , Leif Lönnblad

We study the hadron production in $p+p$, $p+n$ and $n+n$ reactions within the microscopic Parton-Hadron-Dynamics (PHSD) transport approach in comparison to PYTHIA 8.2. We discuss the details of the "PHSD tune" of the Lund string model…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2020-08-26 V. Kireyeu , I. Grishmanovskii , V. Kolesnikov , V. Voronyuk , E. Bratkovskaya

We investigate whether the quark gluon plasma (QGP) is created in small colliding systems from analyses of various hadron yields and their ratios in proton-proton (p+p), proton-lead (p+Pb) and lead-lead (Pb+Pb) collisions at LHC energies.…

Nuclear Theory · Physics 2020-01-08 Y. Kanakubo , M. Okai , Y. Tachibana , T. Hirano

We show that particle species dependence of enhanced hadron production at intermediate transverse momentum (p_{T}) for d+Au collisions at RHIC can be understood in terms of the hadronic rescatterings in the final state. A multiphase…

Nuclear Theory · Physics 2012-04-17 Xiaoping Zhang , Jinhui Chen , Zhongzhou Ren , N. Xu , Zhangbu Xu , Qiang Zheng , Xianglei Zhu

We review the models suggested, to date, as an explanation for the so called "ridge" phenomenon, an elongation in rapidity of 2-particle correlations seen at RHIC and LHC energies. We argue that these models can be divided into two…

Nuclear Theory · Physics 2014-02-26 Giorgio Torrieri

The magnitude of long-range correlations between observables in two separated rapidity windows, proposed as a signature of the string fusion and percolation phenomenon, is studied in the framework of non-Glauber Monte Carlo string-parton…

Nuclear Theory · Physics 2014-03-21 Vladimir Kovalenko , Vladimir Vechernin

The CMS collaboration at the LHC has reported a remarkable and unexpected phenomenon in very high-multiplicity high energy proton-proton collisions: a positive correlation between two particles produced at similar azimuthal angles, spanning…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2015-06-16 James D. Bjorken , Stanley J. Brodsky , Alfred Scharff Goldhaber

Boost-invariant hadron production in high energy collisions occurs in causally disconnected regions of finite space-time size. As a result, globally conserved quantum numbers (charge, strangeness, baryon number) are conserved locally in…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2016-08-24 P. Castorina , H. Satz

We present a new model for building up complete exclusive hadronic final states in high energy nucleus collisions. It is a direct extrapolation of high energy pp collisions (as described by PYTHIA), and thus bridges a large part of the…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2018-10-29 Christian Bierlich , Gösta Gustafson , Leif Lönnblad , Harsh Shah

Many mechanical structures, both engineered and biological, combine heavy rigid elements such as bones and beams with lightweight flexible ones such as cables and membranes. These are referred to as tensegrities, reflecting that cables can…

Soft Condensed Matter · Physics 2025-08-27 Vishal Sudhakar , William Stephenson , James P. McInerney , D. Zeb Rocklin

We present studies of strange particle yields and correlations in $pp$ collisions in the PYTHIA8 event generator by studying forward-backward correlations. Several key processes that give rise to these correlative effects are identified and…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2016-02-17 Igor Altsybeev , Grigory Feofilov , Ewen Lawson Gillies

The PYTHIA8/ANGANTYR model for heavy ion collisions was recently updated with a mechanism for \textit{global colour reconnection}. The colour reconnection model used is QCD colour algebra inspired and enhances baryon production due to the…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2024-03-26 Christian Bierlich , Gösta Gustafson , Leif Lönnblad , Harsh Shah