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In this paper, we consider zero-sum repeated games in which the maximizer is restricted to strategies requiring no more than a limited amount of randomness. Particularly, we analyze the maxmin payoff of the maximizer in two models: the…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2018-10-11 Mehrdad Valizadeh , Amin Gohari

We consider the allocation of $m$ balls into $n$ bins with incomplete information. In the classical Two-Choice process a ball first queries the load of two randomly chosen bins and is then placed in the least loaded bin. In our setting,…

Discrete Mathematics · Computer Science 2022-01-28 Dimitrios Los , Thomas Sauerwald

Decoding strategies play a pivotal role in text generation for modern language models, yet a puzzling gap divides theory and practice. Surprisingly, strategies that should intuitively be optimal, such as Maximum a Posteriori (MAP), often…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-05-20 Sijin Chen , Omar Hagrass , Jason M. Klusowski

We study the problem of learning a most biased coin among a set of coins by tossing the coins adaptively. The goal is to minimize the number of tosses until we identify a coin i* whose posterior probability of being most biased is at least…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2013-09-10 Karthekeyan Chandrasekaran , Richard Karp

The problem of scheduling tasks on $p$ processors so that no task ever gets too far behind is often described as a game with cups and water. In the $p$-processor cup game on $n$ cups, there are two players, a filler and an emptier, that…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2021-02-11 William Kuszmaul , Alek Westover

We show the existence and effective computability of optimal winning strategies for request-response games in case the quality of a play is measured by the limit superior of the mean accumulated waiting times between requests and their…

Formal Languages and Automata Theory · Computer Science 2014-06-19 Florian Horn , Wolfgang Thomas , Nico Wallmeier , Martin Zimmermann

We consider a generalization of the classical 100 Prisoner problem and its variant, involving empty boxes, whereby winning probabilities for a team depend on the number of attempts, as well as on the number of winners. We call this the…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2023-02-14 Ivano Lodato , Snehal M. Shekatkar , Tian An Wong

Statistical applications in sports have long centered on how to best separate signal (e.g. team talent) from random noise. However, most of this work has concentrated on a single sport, and the development of meaningful cross-sport…

Applications · Statistics 2017-11-23 Michael J. Lopez , Gregory J. Matthews , Benjamin S. Baumer

Kiiking is an extreme sport in which athletes alternate between standing and squatting to pump a standing swing till it is inverted and completes a rotation. A minimal model of the sport may be cast in terms of the control of an actively…

Popular Physics · Physics 2023-08-16 Petur Bryde , Ian C. Davenport , L. Mahadevan

We study the Min-Weighted Sum Bin Packing problem, a variant of the classical Bin Packing problem in which items have a weight, and each item induces a cost equal to its weight multiplied by the index of the bin in which it is packed. This…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2023-04-06 Guillaume Sagnol

We examine a family of discrete probability distributions that describes the "spillage number" in the extended balls-in-bins model. The spillage number is defined as the number of balls that occupy their bins minus the total number of…

Probability · Mathematics 2022-01-11 Ben O'Neill

We investigate zero-sum turn-based two-player stochastic games in which the objective of one player is to maximize the amount of rewards obtained during a play, while the other aims at minimizing it. We focus on games in which the minimizer…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2022-05-20 Pablo F. Castro , Pedro R. D'Argenio , Luciano Putruele , Ramiro Demasi

We revisit the random allocation model in which $n$ balls are independently placed into $N$ boxes with probabilities $q_1,\ldots,q_N$. A classical asymptotic result due to Kolchin, Sevastyanov, and Chistyakov for the expectations,…

Probability · Mathematics 2026-04-28 Serik Sagitov

Every interaction of a living organism with its environment involves the placement of a bet. Armed with partial knowledge about a stochastic world, the organism must decide its next step or near-term strategy, an act that implicitly or…

Populations and Evolution · Quantitative Biology 2023-05-30 Philipp Fleig , Vijay Balasubramanian

When selling many goods with independent valuations, we develop a distributionally robust framework, consisting of a two-player game between seller and nature. The seller has only limited knowledge about the value distribution. The seller…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2026-03-30 Tim S. G. van Eck , Pieter Kleer , Johan S. H. van Leeuwaarden

The ball-constrained weighted maximin dispersion problem $(\rm P_{ball})$ is to find a point in an $n$-dimensional Euclidean ball such that the minimum of the weighted Euclidean distance from given $m$ points is maximized. We propose a new…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2016-04-11 Shu Wang , Yong Xia

Many packing, scheduling and covering problems that were previously considered by computer science literature in the context of various transportation and production problems, appear also suitable for describing and modeling various…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2015-03-19 Elena Kleiman

In this work we propose a game theoretic model for document clustering. Each document to be clustered is represented as a player and each cluster as a strategy. The players receive a reward interacting with other players that they try to…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2017-04-07 Rocco Tripodi , Marcello Pelillo

We study a hypothesis testing problem in which data is compressed distributively and sent to a detector that seeks to decide between two possible distributions for the data. The aim is to characterize all achievable encoding rates and…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2011-02-01 Md. Saifur Rahman , Aaron B. Wagner

Betting games provide a natural setting to capture how information yields strategic advantage. The Kelly criterion for betting, long a cornerstone of portfolio theory and information theory, admits an interpretation in the limit of…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-01-15 Maite Arcos , Renato Renner , Jonathan Oppenheim