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This article presents a new three-player version of the bridge playing card game for the purpose of ending fixed partnerships so that the play can be more dynamic and flexible. By dynamically redefining team makeup in real time, this game…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2025-08-08 Sourish Sarkar , Aritrabha Majumdar , Moutushi Chatterjee

Card games are widely used to study sequential decision-making under uncertainty, with real-world analogues in negotiation, finance, and cybersecurity. These games typically fall into three categories based on the flow of control: strictly…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2025-10-31 Will Wolf

A natural goal in multiagent learning besides finding equilibria is to learn rationalizable behavior, where players learn to avoid iteratively dominated actions. However, even in the basic setting of multiplayer general-sum games, existing…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-10-21 Yuanhao Wang , Dingwen Kong , Yu Bai , Chi Jin

After the recent groundbreaking results of AlphaGo, we have seen a strong interest in reinforcement learning in game playing. General Game Playing (GGP) provides a good testbed for reinforcement learning. In GGP, a specification of games…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2018-05-22 Hui Wang , Michael Emmerich , Aske Plaat

Deep Reinforcement Learning combined with Fictitious Play shows impressive results on many benchmark games, most of which are, however, single-stage. In contrast, real-world decision making problems may consist of multiple stages, where the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-03-08 Wei Xi , Yongxin Zhang , Changnan Xiao , Xuefeng Huang , Shihong Deng , Haowei Liang , Jie Chen , Peng Sun

Closed drafting or "pick and pass" is a popular game mechanic where each round players select a card or other playable element from their hand and pass the rest to the next player. In this paper, we establish first-principle methods for…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-11-20 Ryan Rezai , Jason Wang

Finding new academic Methods for research problems is the key task in a researcher's research career. It is usually very difficult for new researchers to find good Methods for their research problems since they lack of research experiences.…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2019-04-11 Shanshan Huang , Xiaojun Wan , Xuewei Tang

Consider a card guessing game with complete feedback in which a deck of $n$ cards ordered $1,\dots, n$ is riffle-shuffled once. With the goal to maximize the number of correct guesses, a player guesses cards from the top of the deck one at…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2022-07-22 Tipaluck Krityakierne , Thotsaporn Aek Thanatipanonda

Cooperative game is a critical research area in the multi-agent reinforcement learning (MARL). Global reward game is a subclass of cooperative games, where all agents aim to maximize the global reward. Credit assignment is an important…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-10-14 Jianhong Wang , Yuan Zhang , Tae-Kyun Kim , Yunjie Gu

Sequential recommendation aims to predict a user's next action in large-scale recommender systems. While traditional methods often suffer from insufficient information interaction, recent generative recommendation models partially address…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2026-02-10 Haibo Xing , Hao Deng , Yucheng Mao , Lingyu Mu , Jinxin Hu , Yi Xu , Hao Zhang , Jiahao Wang , Shizhun Wang , Yu Zhang , Xiaoyi Zeng , Jing Zhang

Poker is a family of card games that includes many variations. We hypothesize that most poker games can be solved as a pattern matching problem, and propose creating a strong poker playing system based on a unified poker representation. Our…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2015-09-23 Nikolai Yakovenko , Liangliang Cao , Colin Raffel , James Fan

There are several approaches for using computers in deriving mathematical proofs. For their illustration, we provide an in-depth study of using computer support for proving one complex combinatorial conjecture -- correctness of a strategy…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2023-06-22 Predrag Janičić , Filip Marić , Marko Maliković

We address Stackelberg models of combinatorial congestion games (CCGs); we aim to optimize the parameters of CCGs so that the selfish behavior of non-atomic players attains desirable equilibria. This model is essential for designing such…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2021-10-19 Shinsaku Sakaue , Kengo Nakamura

Deep learning based recommender systems have been extensively explored in recent years. However, the large number of models proposed each year poses a big challenge for both researchers and practitioners in reproducing the results for…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2019-05-28 Shuai Zhang , Yi Tay , Lina Yao , Bin Wu , Aixin Sun

Drafting in Magic the Gathering is a sub-game within a larger trading card game, where several players progressively build decks by picking cards from a common pool. Drafting poses an interesting problem for game and AI research due to its…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2021-04-06 Henry N. Ward , Daniel J. Brooks , Dan Troha , Bobby Mills , Arseny S. Khakhalin

Transformer-based sequential recommenders, such as SASRec or BERT4Rec, typically rely solely on learned item ID embeddings, making them vulnerable to the item cold-start problem, particularly in environments with dynamic item catalogs.…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2025-08-27 Jan Malte Lichtenberg , Antonio De Candia , Matteo Ruffini

In multi-player card games such as Skat or Bridge, the early stages of the game, such as bidding, game selection, and initial card selection, are often more critical to the success of the play than refined middle- and end-game play. At the…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-12-18 Stefan Edelkamp

In recent years, the video game industry has experienced substantial growth, presenting players with a vast array of game choices. This surge in options has spurred the need for a specialized recommender system tailored for video games.…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2026-04-21 Xiping Li , Jianghong Ma , Kangzhe Liu , Shanshan Feng , Haijun Zhang , Yutong Wang

Capacitated network bargaining games are popular combinatorial games that involve the structure of matchings in graphs. We show that it is always possible to stabilize unit-weight instances of this problem (that is, ensure that they admit a…

Discrete Mathematics · Computer Science 2024-09-05 Laura Sanità , Lucy Verberk

Formal query building is an important part of complex question answering over knowledge bases. It aims to build correct executable queries for questions. Recent methods try to rank candidate queries generated by a state-transition strategy.…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-09-09 Yongrui Chen , Huiying Li , Yuncheng Hua , Guilin Qi