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Resonant inelastic X-ray scattering (RIXS) has become an important scientific tool. Nonetheless, conventional high-resolution RIXS measurements (<100 meV), especially in the soft x-ray range, require large and low-throughput grating…

X-ray free electron laser (XFEL) can provide X-ray light with about four order of magnitude higher flux than synchrotron radiation. Pulse light from XFEL interacts with the target and the resulting photons are collected by detectors. The…

Image or object recognition is an important task in computer vision. With the hight-speed processing power on modern platforms and the availability of mobile phones everywhere, millions of photos are uploaded to the internet per minute, it…

The photon spectrum from free-electron laser (FEL) light sources offers valuable information in time-resolved experiments and machine optimization in the spectral and temporal domains. We have developed a compact single-shot photon…

We present a method for detecting cosmic rays in single images. The algorithm is based on simple analysis of the histogram of the image data and does not use any modeling of the picture of the object. It does not require a good signal to…

We propose a Viterbi-type trellis-search algorithm to implement the FSO photon-counting sequence receiver proposed in [1] more efficiently and a selective-store strategy to overcome the error floor problem observed therein.

Resonant inelastic X-ray scattering (RIXS) is a powerful photon-in, photon-out spectroscopy technique for probing electronic, magnetic, and lattice excitations in matter. Time-resolved RIXS extends this capability through a stroboscopic…

Deep learning based object detection has achieved great success. However, these supervised learning methods are data-hungry and time-consuming. This restriction makes them unsuitable for limited data and urgent tasks, especially in the…

Accurate characterization of radiation pulse profiles is crucial for optimizing beam quality and enhancing experimental outcomes in Free Electron Laser (FEL) research. In this paper, we present a novel approach that employs machine learning…

Single-particle imaging experiments of biomolecules at x-ray free-electron lasers (XFELs) require processing of hundreds of thousands (or more) of images that contain very few x-rays. Each low-flux image of the diffraction pattern is…

Core-level X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) is a useful measurement technique for investigating the electronic states of a strongly correlated electron system. Usually, to extract physical information of a target object from a…

A new detection scheme capable of acquiring the entire spatiotemporal profile of terahertz radiation in a single laser shot is being demonstrated. The design allows temporal resolution of the order of transform-limited pulse duration of the…

The detection of inelastically scattered soft X-rays with high energy resolution usually requires large grating spectrometers. Recently, photoelectron spectrometry for analysis of X-rays (PAX) has been rediscovered for modern spectroscopy…

The advent of next-generation X-ray free electron lasers will be capable of delivering X-rays at a repetition rate approaching 1 MHz continuously. This will require the development of data systems to handle experiments at these type of…

We present a hybrid image classifier by mode-selective image upconversion, single pixel photodetection, and deep learning, aiming at fast processing a large number of pixels. It utilizes partial Fourier transform to extract the signature…

Femtosecond transient soft X-ray Absorption Spectroscopy (XAS) is a very promising technique that can be employed at X-ray Free Electron Lasers (FELs) to investigate out-of-equilibrium dynamics for material and energy research. Here we…

In the past decade, Resonant Inelastic X-ray Scattering (RIXS) has made remarkable progress as a spectroscopic technique. This is a direct result of the availability of high-brilliance synchrotron X-ray radiation sources and of advanced…

The development of high-brightness free-electron lasers (FEL) has revolutionised our ability to create and study matter in the high-energy-density (HED) regime. Current diagnostic techniques have been very successful in yielding information…

X-ray free electron laser (XFEL) experiments have brought unique capabilities and opened new directions in research, such as creating new states of matter or directly measuring atomic motion. One such area is the ability to use finely…

Stroboscopic nanoscale imaging with free electron laser light is revolutionizing our understanding of fast dynamics in heterogeneous systems. The short wavelength of X-ray and extreme ultraviolet radiation makes it possible to achieve…