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In spoken dialogue systems, we aim to deploy artificial intelligence to build automated dialogue agents that can converse with humans. A part of this effort is the policy optimisation task, which attempts to find a policy describing how to…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2018-02-13 Gellért Weisz , Paweł Budzianowski , Pei-Hao Su , Milica Gašić

Existing simulations designed for cultural and interpersonal skill training rely on pre-defined responses with a menu option selection interface. Using a multiple-choice interface and restricting trainees' responses may limit the trainees'…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2021-10-19 Sodiq Adewole , Erfaneh Gharavi , Benjamin Shpringer , Martin Bolger , Vaibhav Sharma , Sung Ming Yang , Donald E. Brown

Learning suitable and well-performing dialogue behaviour in statistical spoken dialogue systems has been in the focus of research for many years. While most work which is based on reinforcement learning employs an objective measure like…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-01-22 Stefan Ultes

Training a task-completion dialogue agent via reinforcement learning (RL) is costly because it requires many interactions with real users. One common alternative is to use a user simulator. However, a user simulator usually lacks the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2018-05-24 Baolin Peng , Xiujun Li , Jianfeng Gao , Jingjing Liu , Kam-Fai Wong , Shang-Yu Su

Autonomous driving has gained significant advancements in recent years. However, obtaining a robust control policy for driving remains challenging as it requires training data from a variety of scenarios, including rare situations (e.g.,…

Robotics · Computer Science 2019-07-23 Weizi Li , David Wolinski , Ming C. Lin

A Virtual Patient (VP) is a powerful tool for training medical students to take patient histories, where responding to a diverse set of spoken questions is essential to simulate natural conversations with a student. The performance of such…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-07-04 Vishal Sunder , Prashant Serai , Eric Fosler-Lussier

Traditional robot simulators focus on physical process modeling and realistic rendering, often suffering from high computational costs, inefficiencies, and limited adaptability. To handle this issue, we concentrate on behavior simulation in…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-09-09 Jianan Wang , Bin Li , Jingtao Qi , Xueying Wang , Fu Li , Hanxun Li

Chatbot is a technology that is used to mimic human behavior using natural language. There are different types of Chatbot that can be used as conversational agent in various business domains in order to increase the customer service and…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-07-09 Nazakat Ali

User-machine interaction is crucial for information retrieval, especially for spoken content retrieval, because spoken content is difficult to browse, and speech recognition has a high degree of uncertainty. In interactive retrieval, the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2018-04-03 Pei-Hung Chung , Kuan Tung , Ching-Lun Tai , Hung-Yi Lee

Advancements in artificial intelligence (AI) have significantly enhanced the realism and interactivity of non-player characters (NPCs) in virtual reality (VR), creating more engaging and believable user experiences. This paper evaluates…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2025-07-15 Mikko Korkiakoski , Saeid Sheikhi , Jesper Nyman , Jussi Saariniemi , Kalle Tapio , Panos Kostakos

Voice design from natural language aims to generate speaker timbres directly from free-form textual descriptions, allowing users to create voices tailored to specific roles, personalities, and emotions. Such controllable voice creation…

An important aspect of developing conversational agents is to give a bot the ability to improve through communicating with humans and to learn from the mistakes that it makes. Most research has focused on learning from fixed training sets…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2017-01-17 Jiwei Li , Alexander H. Miller , Sumit Chopra , Marc'Aurelio Ranzato , Jason Weston

Conversational agents (CAs) play an important role in human computer interaction. Creating believable movements for CAs is challenging, since the movements have to be meaningful and natural, reflecting the coupling between gestures and…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2023-05-15 Najmeh Sadoughi , Carlos Busso

Simulation is an invaluable tool for developing and evaluating controllers for self-driving cars. Current simulation frameworks are driven by highly-specialist domain specific languages, and so a natural language interface would greatly…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2023-10-27 Antonio Valerio Miceli-Barone , Alex Lascarides , Craig Innes

User simulators serve as the critical interactive environment for agent post-training, and an ideal user simulator generalizes across domains and proactively engages in negotiation by challenging or bargaining. However, current methods…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-01-15 Feng Zhang , Shijia Li , Chunmao Zhang , Zhanyu Ma , Jun Xu , Jiuchong Gao , Jinghua Hao , Renqing He , Jingwen Xu , Han Liu

User simulators are crucial for replicating human interactions with dialogue systems, supporting both collaborative training and automatic evaluation, especially for large language models (LLMs). However, current role-playing methods face…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-07-01 Kuang Wang , Xianfei Li , Shenghao Yang , Li Zhou , Feng Jiang , Haizhou Li

The emergence of Large Language Models (LLMs), has opened exciting possibilities for constructing computational simulations designed to replicate human behavior accurately. Current research suggests that LLM-based agents become increasingly…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-12-18 Amir Taubenfeld , Yaniv Dover , Roi Reichart , Ariel Goldstein

In this paper, we present a methodology for the development of embodied conversational agents for social virtual worlds. The agents provide multimodal communication with their users in which speech interaction is included. Our proposal…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-01-29 D. Griol , A. Sanchis , J. M. Molina , Z. Callejas

Conversational recommender systems (CRS) increasingly rely on user simulators for automated evaluation of sales agents. A key requirement for such simulators is the ability to model human decision-making. However, most existing simulation…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2026-05-08 Yuan-Chi Li , Li-Chi Chen , Sung-Yi Wu , Yu-Che Tsai , Shou-De Lin

Current conversational AI systems often provide generic, one-size-fits-all interactions that overlook individual user characteristics and lack adaptive dialogue management. To address this gap, we introduce \textbf{HumAIne-chatbot}, an…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2025-09-25 Georgios Makridis , George Fragiadakis , Jorge Oliveira , Tomaz Saraiva , Philip Mavrepis , Georgios Fatouros , Dimosthenis Kyriazis