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Superconducting nanowires are widely used as sensitive single photon detectors with wide spectral coverage and high timing resolution. We describe a demonstration of an array of DC biased superconducting nanowire single photon detectors…

Instrumentation and Detectors · Physics 2019-05-17 A. K. Sinclair , E. Schroeder , D. Zhu , M. Colangelo , J. Glasby , P. D. Mauskopf , H. Mani , K. K. Berggren

Detection jitter quantifies variance introduced by the detector in the determination of photon arrival time. It is a crucial performance parameter for systems using superconducting nanowire single photon detectors (SNSPDs). In this work, we…

Superconductivity · Physics 2016-11-03 Niccolò Calandri , Qing-Yuan Zhao , Di Zhu , Andrew Dane , Karl K. Berggren

Generally, a superconducting nanowire single-photon detector (SNSPD) is composed of wires with a typical width of ~100 nm. Recent studies have found that superconducting strips with a micrometer-scale width can also detect single photons.…

Instrumentation and Detectors · Physics 2021-04-28 Guang-Zhao Xu , Wei-Jun Zhang , Li-Xing You , Jia-Min Xiong , Xing-Qu Sun , Hao Huang , Xin Ou , Yi-Ming Pan , Chao-Lin Lv , Hao Li , Zhen Wang , Xiao-Ming Xie

Single-photon detectors based on superconducting nanowires (SSPDs or SNSPDs) have rapidly emerged as a highly promising photon-counting technology for infrared wavelengths. These devices offer high efficiency, low dark counts and excellent…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2012-04-26 Chandra M. Natarajan , Michael G. Tanner , Robert H. Hadfield

We present a novel design of a superconducting nanowire single photon detector (SNSPD) fabricated on a core of a single mode optical fiber. The proposed design allows high overlap between the fiber light mode and the detector, and…

Superconductivity · Physics 2015-06-12 Gil Bachar , Ilya Baskin , Oleg Shtempluck , Eyal Buks

Single-photon detectors and nanoscale superconducting devices are two major candidates for realizing quantum technologies. Superconducting-nanowire single-photon detectors (SNSPDs) comprise these two solid-state and optic aspects enabling…

Instrumentation and Detectors · Physics 2019-01-24 Itamar Holzman , Yachin Ivry

We investigated the timing jitter of superconducting nanowire single-photon detectors (SNSPDs) and found a strong dependence on the detector response. By varying the multi-layer structure, we observed changes in pulse shape which are…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2022-12-20 R. Flaschmann , L. Zugliani , C. Schmid , S. Spedicato , S. Strohauer , F. Wietschorke , F. Flassig , J. J. Finley , K. Müller

Superconducting nanowire single-photon detectors (SNSPDs) exhibit complex switching behaviors due to electrothermal feedback during the detection process. Modeling and understanding these behaviors is integral for designing superconducting…

Applied Physics · Physics 2025-10-03 Hanson Nguyen , Alejandro Simon , Reed Foster , Karl K. Berggren

Conventional readout of a superconducting nanowire single-photon detector (SNSPD) sets an upper bound on the output voltage to be the product of the bias current and the load impedance, $I_\mathrm{B}\times Z_\mathrm{load}$, where…

Despite very efficient superconducting nanowire single-photon detectors (SNSPDs) reported recently, combining their other performance advantages such as high speed and ultra-low timing jitter in a single device still remains challenging. In…

Optics · Physics 2020-02-21 Risheng Cheng , Sihao Wang , Chang-Ling Zou , Hong X. Tang

We propose an optimized design for nanowire superconducting single photon detectors, using the recently discovered position dependent detection efficiency in these devices. This knowledge allows an optimized the design of meandering wire…

Instrumentation and Detectors · Physics 2017-06-16 Qiang Wang , Jelmer J. Renema , Andreas Engel , Michiel J. A. de Dood

Scaling the photon-detection area of superconducting nanowire single-photon detectors (SNSPDs) has traditionally been achieved by nanowire meandering. However, material inhomogeneities and fabrication-induced defects, such as line-edge…

Significance: Superconducting nanowire single-photon detectors (SNSPDs; also known as SSPDs) show enormous promise for low-light biomedical imaging by offering exceptional sensitivity, picosecond timing resolution, and broad spectral…

Optics · Physics 2025-12-09 Emi Cora Valmai Hughes , Avinash Upadhya , Kishan Dholakia

A large-format mid-infrared single-photon imager with very low dark count rates would enable a broad range of applications in fields like astronomy and chemistry. Superconducting nanowire single-photon detectors (SNSPDs) are a mature…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-04-05 Benedikt Hampel , Richard P. Mirin , Sae Woo Nam , Varun B. Verma

Superconducting nanowire single-photon detectors (SNSPDs) perform single-photon counting with exceptional sensitivity and time resolution at near-infrared wavelengths. State-of-the-art SNSPDs, based on 100 nm-wide, 4 to 5 nm thick NbN…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2015-05-20 F. Marsili , F. Najafi , E. Dauler , F. Bellei , X. Hu , M. C. Csete , R. Molnar , K. K. Berggren

Superconducting nanowire single-photon detectors (SNSPDs) are the highest performing photon-counting technology in the near-infrared (NIR). Due to delay-line effects, large area SNSPDs typically trade-off timing resolution and detection…

Superconducting nanowire single-photon detector (SNSPD) with near-unity system efficiency is a key enabling, but still elusive technology for numerous quantum fundamental theory verifications and quantum information applications. The key…

Superconductivity · Physics 2020-12-30 Peng Hu , Hao Li , Lixing You , Heqing Wang , You Xiao , Jia Huang , Xiaoyan Yang , Weijun Zhang , Zhen Wang , Xiaoming Xie

Superconducting Nanowire Single Photon Detector (SNSPD) emerges as a potential candidate in the multiple fields requiring sensitive and fast photodetection. While nanowires of low temperature superconducting detectors are mature with…

Superconductivity · Physics 2024-03-13 Souvik Haldar , Arun Sehrawat , Krishna B. Balasubramanian

Superconducting nanowire single-photon detectors (SNSPDs) can enable photon-number resolution (PNR) based on accurate measurements of the detector's response time to few-photon optical pulses. In this work we investigate the impact of the…

Superconducting nanowire single-photon detectors are widely used in various fields of physics and technology, due to their high efficiency and timing precision. Although, in principle, their detection mechanism offers broadband operation,…

Superconductivity · Physics 2026-03-25 Martin Baránek , Pavol Neilinger , Samuel Kern , Miroslav Grajcar
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