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In the study of reading, eye-tracking technology offers unique insights into the time-course of how individuals extract information from text. A significant hurdle in using multi-line paragraph stimuli is the need to align eye gaze position…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2024-10-17 Thomas M. Mercier , Marcin Budka , Bernhard Angele , Martin R. Vasilev , Timothy J. Slattery , Julie A Kirkby

Visual highlighting can guide user attention in complex interfaces. However, its effectiveness under limited attentional capacities is underexplored. This paper examines the joint impact of visual highlighting (permanent and dynamic) and…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2024-05-03 Anwesha Das , Zekun Wu , Iza Škrjanec , Anna Maria Feit

Using highly interactive systems like computer games requires a lot of visual activity and eye movements. Eye movements are best characterized by visual fixation - periods of time when the eyes stay relatively still over an object. We…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2019-08-20 Boris B. Velichkovsky , Nikita Khromov , Alexander Korotin , Evgeny Burnaev , Andrey Somov

The segmentation of a gaze trace into its constituent eye movements has been actively researched since the early days of eye tracking. As we move towards more naturalistic viewing conditions, the segmentation becomes even more challenging…

Multimedia · Computer Science 2019-12-11 Ioannis Agtzidis , Mikhail Startsev , Michael Dorr

Eye movements are known to reflect cognitive processes in reading, and psychological reading research has shown that eye gaze patterns differ between readers with and without dyslexia. In recent years, researchers have attempted to classify…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-12-05 Patrick Haller , Andreas Säuberli , Sarah Elisabeth Kiener , Jinger Pan , Ming Yan , Lena Jäger

A single digital newsletter usually contains many messages (regions). Users' reading time spent on, and read level (skip/skim/read-in-detail) of each message is important for platforms to understand their users' interests, personalize their…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2023-06-14 Ruoyan Kong , Ruixuan Sun , Charles Chuankai Zhang , Chen Chen , Sneha Patri , Gayathri Gajjela , Joseph A. Konstan

In reading tasks drift can move fixations from one word to another or even another line, invalidating the eye tracking recording. Manual correction is time-consuming and subjective, while automated correction is fast yet limited in…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2025-01-14 Naser Al Madi , Brett Torra , Yixin Li , Najam Tariq

Eye movements play a vital role in perceiving the world. Eye gaze can give a direct indication of the users point of attention, which can be useful in improving human-computer interaction. Gaze estimation in a non-intrusive manner can make…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2019-07-11 Anjith George

In an experiment involving semantic search, the visual movements of sample populations subjected to visual and aural input were tracked in a taskless paradigm. The probability distributions of saccades and fixations were obtained and…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2015-05-27 D. P. Shinde , Anita Mehta , R. K. Mishra

Visual Search is referred to the task of finding a target object among a set of distracting objects in a visual display. In this paper, based on an independent analysis of the COCO-Search18 dataset, we investigate how the performance of…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-10-05 Manoosh Samiei , James J. Clark

In the research of the impact of gestures using by a lecturer, one challenging task is to infer the attention of a group of audiences. Two important measurements that can help infer the level of attention are eye movement data and…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2018-01-09 Qiangeng Xu , John Kender

While neural networks with attention mechanisms have achieved superior performance on many natural language processing tasks, it remains unclear to which extent learned attention resembles human visual attention. In this paper, we propose a…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-10-28 Ekta Sood , Simon Tannert , Diego Frassinelli , Andreas Bulling , Ngoc Thang Vu

Distinguishing target from non-target fixations during visual search is a fundamental building block to understand users' intended actions and to build effective assistance systems. While prior research indicated the feasibility of…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-08-05 Mansi Sharma , Camilo Andrés Martínez Martínez , Benedikt Emanuel Wirth , Antonio Krüger , Philipp Müller

Rationale and Objectives: Computer-aided detection systems for chest radiographs are widely used, and concurrent reader displays, such as bounding-box (BB) highlights, may influence the reading process. This pilot study used eye tracking to…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-10-27 Daisuke Matsumoto , Tomohiro Kikuchi , Yusuke Takagi , Soichiro Kojima , Ryoma Kobayashi , Daiju Ueda , Kohei Yamamoto , Sho Kawabe , Harushi Mori

Our interest was to evaluate changes in fixation duration as a function of time-on-task (TOT) during a random saccade task. We employed a large, publicly available dataset. The frequency histogram of fixation durations was multimodal and…

Neurons and Cognition · Quantitative Biology 2024-06-04 Lee Friedman , Oleg V. Komogortsev

Carousels have become the de-facto standard user interface in online services. However, there is a lack of research in carousels, particularly examining how recommender systems may be designed differently than the traditional single-list…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2026-02-18 Santiago de Leon-Martinez , Robert Moro , Branislav Kveton , Maria Bielikova

Eye-tracking-while-reading corpora are a valuable resource for many different disciplines and use cases. Use cases range from studying the cognitive processes underlying reading to machine-learning-based applications, such as gaze-based…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-02-24 Deborah N. Jakobi , David R. Reich , Paul Prasse , Jana M. Hofmann , Lena S. Bolliger , Lena A. Jäger

This paper presents a methodology combining multimodal semantic analysis with an eye-tracking experimental protocol to investigate the cognitive effort involved in understanding the communication of future scenarios. To demonstrate the…

Eye-gaze tracking research offers significant promise in enhancing various healthcare-related tasks, above all in medical image analysis and interpretation. Eye tracking, a technology that monitors and records the movement of the eyes,…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-03-13 Sahar Moradizeyveh , Mehnaz Tabassum , Sidong Liu , Robert Ahadizad Newport , Amin Beheshti , Antonio Di Ieva

How do people look at art? Are there any differences between how experienced and inexperienced art viewers look at a painting? We approach these questions by analyzing and modeling eye movement data from a cognitive art research experiment,…

Applications · Statistics 2016-08-12 Anna-Kaisa Ylitalo , Aila Särkkä , Peter Guttorp