Related papers: Why Nanosystems and Macroscopic Systems Behave Dif…
Dilute magnetic nanoparticle systems exhibit slow dynamics [1] due to a broad distribution of relaxation times that can be traced to a correspondingly broad distribution of particle sizes [1]. However, at higher concentrations interparticle…
A large class of technically non-chaotic systems, involving scatterings of light particles by flat surfaces with sharp boundaries, is nonetheless characterized by complex random looking motion in phase space. For these systems one may…
Macroscopic systems are described most completely by local densities (particle number, momentum and energy) yet the superposition states of such physical variables, indicated by the Everett interpretation, are not observed. In order to…
Nanothermodynamics extends standard thermodynamics to facilitate finite-size effects on the scale of nanometers. A key ingredient is Hill's subdivision potential that accommodates the non-extensive energy of independent small systems,…
Some of the synthesis methods and physical properties of iron-oxide based magnetic nanoparticles such as Fe3-xO4 and CoxFe3-xO4 are reviewed because of their interest in health, environmental applications, and ultra-high-density magnetic…
Singularities in macroscopic systems at discontinuous phase transitions are replaced in finite systems by sharp but continuous changes. Both the energy differences between metastable and stable phases and the energy barriers separating…
A principle on the macroscopic motion of systems in thermodynamic equilibrium, rarely discussed in texts, is reviewed: Very small but still macroscopic parts of a fully isolated system in thermal equilibrium move as if points of a rigid…
We study the dynamics of a system composed of interacting units each with a complex internal structure comprising many subunits. We consider the case in which each subunit grows in a multiplicative manner. We propose a model for such…
We investigate the effect of the size of nanoparticles on the behaviour of equilibrium polymers (Wormlike micelles) and nanoparticle system. The self-organised structures of nanoparticles in the system show a morphological change from…
We first develop a descriptor-based representation of atomic environments by devising two local similarity indices defined from an atom-partitioned quantum-chemical descriptor. Then, we employ this representation to explore the size-,…
The existence of the thermodynamic limit in spin systems with short- and long-range interactions is established. We consider the infinite-volume limit with a fixed shape of the system. The variational expressions of the entropy density and…
We consider the theoretical description of a fluid adsorbed in a nanopore. Hysteresis and discontinuities in the isotherms in general hampers the determination of equilibrium thermodynamic properties, even in computer simulations. A…
We devise a hierarchy of computational algorithms to enumerate the microstates of a system comprising N independent, distinguishable particles. An important challenge is to cope with integers that increase exponentially with system size,…
Performance evolution of a number of complex scientific and technical systems demonstrate exponential progress with time exp(+t/C) . The speed of progress C - a measure of difficulty and complexity - is analyzed for high energy elementary…
Every time a chemical reaction occurs, an energy exchange between reactants and environment exists, which is defined as the enthalpy of the reaction. In the last decades, research has resulted in an increasing number of devices at the…
The upper atmospheres of Mars and Titan, as well as those on many other planetary bodies, exhibit significant density variations vs. altitude that are interpreted as gravity waves. Such data is then used to extract vertical temperature…
In this short paper we review a series of publications, some of which are our own, where various aspects of size effects were examined. By analyzing a series of examples we show that various intensive macroscopic characteristics of…
The presence of nanoparticles in a diblock copolymer leads to changes in the morphology and properties of the matrix and can produce highly organized hybrid materials. The resulting material properties depend not only on the polymer…
The complexity of condensed matter arises from emergent behaviors that cannot be understood by analyzing individual constituents in isolation. While traditional condensed-matter approaches-developed primarily for ideal crystalline…
Molecular dynamics simulations are used to study the behavior of closely-fitting spherical and ellipsoidal particles moving through a fluid-filled cylinder at nanometer scales. The particle, the cylinder wall and the fluid solvent are all…