Related papers: Why Nanosystems and Macroscopic Systems Behave Dif…

The transition of materials and devices to nanometer, atomic, and quantum scales makes thermal characterization increasingly challenging, driving the need for advanced nanoscale thermometry. Fluorescence nanothermometry has emerged as a…

One of the breakthrough areas of physical science over the past decade has been research in the field of nanostructured materials of various substances, almost all of the properties of which differ sharply from the properties of macroscopic…

The second law of thermodynamics states that entropy production in macroscopic systems is non-negative, reaching zero only at thermodynamic equilibrium. As a corollary, this implies that the state trajectory of macroscopic systems is…

Aggregation and settling are crucial phenomena that involve particulate systems. For particle sizes of millimetre and above, there are reasonable accurate predicting tools. However for smaller particle sizes, there appears to be a void in…

We analyze thermodynamics of water samples confined in nanopores and prove that although the freezing temperature can be dramatically lower, the suppression of the ice nucleation leading to the freezing temperature depression is a truly…

We study the motion of dispersed nanoprobes in entangled active-passive polymer mixtures. By comparing the two architectures of linear vs. unconcatenated and unknotted circular polymers, we demonstrate that novel, rich physics emerge. For…

The fluctuations are termed mesoscopic, when their typical size is essentially larger then the average distance between the nearest neighbors, while being much smaller than the overall system size. Since the features of mesoscopic…

Systems of particles interacting via inverse-power law potentials have an invariance with respect to changes in length and temperature, implying a correspondence in the dynamics and thermodynamics between different `isomorphic' sets of…

Spatial confinement in nanoporous media affects the structure, thermodynamics and mobility of molecular soft matter often markedly. This article reviews thermodynamic equilibrium phenomena, such as physisorption, capillary condensation,…

We propose utilizing entropy as a diagnostic tool to distinguish between constant and dynamical dark energy models. Entropy, a measure of the system's disorder or information content, captures the complexity and evolution of the universe.…

Magnetic fusion devices operate at regimes characterized by extremely high temperatures and low densities, for which the charged particles motion is well described by classical mechanics. This is not true, however, for solid-state metallic…

By assuming an appropriate energy composition law between two systems governed by the same non-extensive entropy, we revisit the definitions of temperature and pressure, arising from the zeroth principle of thermodynamics, in a manner…

We study relaxation processes in spin systems near criticality after a quench from a high-temperature initial state. Special attention is paid to the stage where universal behavior, with increasing order parameter emerges from an early…

In-situ transmission electron microscopy (TEM) has become an important technique to study dynamic processes at highest spatial resolution and one branch is the investigation of phenomena related with electrical currents. Here, we present…

Because of the potentially large number of important applications of nonlinear optics, researchers have expended a great deal of effort to optimize the second-order molecular nonlinear-optical response, called the hyperpolarizability. The…

In this article, the Curie-Weiss type behavior and the appearance of an "interaction" or "ordering" temperature for a collection of magnetic nanoparticles is explored theoretically. We show that some systems where an interaction temperature…

Recent experimental results on the static or quasistatic response of granular materials have been interpreted to suggest the inapplicability of the traditional engineering approaches, which are based on elasto-plastic models (which are…

Entropy is one of the key thermodynamic variables reflecting changes in the state of matter. Unlike other thermodynamic variables, it is well-defined also for nonequilibrium steady states through its relation to information. Applying this…

Fluids under nanoscale confinement differ -- and often dramatically -- from their bulk counterparts. A notorious feature of nanoconfined fluids is their inhomogeneous density profile along the confining dimension, which plays a key role in…

Using molecular dynamics simulations, we reveal emergent properties of hydrated electrode interfaces that while molecular in origin are integral to the behavior of the system across long times scales and large length scales. Specifically,…