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The eigenstate thermalization hypothesis (ETH) underpins much of our modern understanding of the thermalization of closed quantum many-body systems. Here, we investigate the statistical properties of observables in the eigenbasis of the…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2026-01-19 Gabriel Almeida , Pedro Ribeiro , Masudul Haque , Lucas Sá

Eigenstate thermalization has been numerically shown to occur for few-body observables in a wide range of nonintegrable models. For intensive sums of few-body observables, a weaker version of eigenstate thermalization known as weak…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2025-05-13 Patrycja Łydżba , Rafał Świętek , Marcin Mierzejewski , Marcos Rigol , Lev Vidmar

A recent study of R\'enyi entanglement entropy in the SYK chain of Majorana fermions suggested that the model does not rapidly thermalize, despite being maximally chaotic. In this work, I examine the Eigenstate Thermalization Hypothesis…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2025-08-20 Seyyed M. H. Halataei

The eigenstate thermalization hypothesis (ETH) is the leading interpretation in our current understanding of quantum thermalization. Recent results uncovered strong connections between quantum correlations in thermalizing systems and the…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2025-12-23 Gabriel O. Alves , Felix Fritzsch , Pieter W. Claeys

Bohr's compound nucleus theory is one of the most important models in nuclear physics, with far-reaching applications in nuclear science and technology. This model generally assumes that the participating nucleons attain a thermal…

Nuclear Theory · Physics 2024-09-25 Dong Bai , Zhongzhou Ren

We study thermalization in a disordered one-dimensional interacting bosonic system described by the Aubry-Andre model using full exact diagonalization. We find a broad chaotic energy window where the system's eigenstates satisfy the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-07-18 Javier de la Cruz , Carlos Diaz-Mejia , Sergio Lerma-Hernandez , Jorge G. Hirsch

The existence of $p$-form symmetry in $(d+1)$-dimensional quantum field is known to always lead to the breakdown of the eigenstate thermalization hypothesis (ETH) for certain $(d-p)$-dimensional operators other than symmetry operators under…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2024-04-12 Osamu Fukushima

Eigenstate thermalization has played a prominent role as a determiner of the validity of quantum statistical mechanics since von Neumann's early works on quantum ergodicity. However, its connection to the dynamical process of quantum…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-09-23 Amit Vikram

Eigenstate thermalization refers to the property that an energy eigenstate of a many-body system is indistinguishable from a thermal equilibrium ensemble at the same energy as far as expectation values of local observables are concerned. In…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2026-03-25 Lennart Dabelow , Christian Eidecker-Dunkel , Peter Reimann

We study thermalization within a quantum system with an enhanced capacity to store information. This system has been recently introduced to provide a prototype model of how a black hole processes and stores information. We perform a…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-04-03 Oleg Kaikov

The eigenstate thermalization hypothesis (ETH) is the leading conjecture for the emergence of statistical mechanics in generic isolated quantum systems and is formulated in terms of the matrix elements of operators. An analog known as the…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2024-10-04 Siddharth Jindal , Pavan Hosur

We say of an isolated macroscopic quantum system in a pure state $\psi$ that it is in macroscopic thermal equilibrium (MATE) if $\psi$ lies in or close to a suitable subspace $\mathcal{H}_{eq}$ of Hilbert space. It is known that every…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2025-07-29 Barbara Roos , Shoki Sugimoto , Stefan Teufel , Roderich Tumulka , Cornelia Vogel

A profound quest of statistical mechanics is the origin of irreversibility - the arrow of time. New stimulants have been provided, thanks to unprecedented degree of control reached in experiments with isolated quantum systems and rapid…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2016-06-28 Chushun Tian , Kun Yang , Jiao Wang

The so-called eigenstate thermalization hypothesis (ETH), which has been tested in various manybody models by numerical simulations, supplies a way of understanding eventual thermalization and is believed to be important for understanding…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2024-10-17 Xiao Wang , Wen-ge Wang

We show that the known bound on the growth rate of the out-of-time-order four-point correlator in chaotic many-body quantum systems follows directly from the general structure of operator matrix elements in systems that obey the eigenstate…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2019-12-11 Chaitanya Murthy , Mark Srednicki

We present a generalization of the ETH conjecture. Using this generalization we are able to derive the fact that an arbitrary eigenstate of a general many body system may be used to represent microcanonical ensemble in any many body…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2014-08-18 Garry Goldstein , Natan Andrei

It is known that the long-range quantum entanglement exhibited in free fermion systems is sufficient to "thermalize" a small subsystem in that the subsystem reduced density matrix computed from a typical excited eigenstate of the combined…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2025-02-18 G. C. Levine , B. A. Friedman

We consider a realistic nonequilibrium protocol, where a quantum system in thermal equilibrium is suddenly subjected to an external force. Due to this force, the system is driven out of equilibrium and the expectation values of certain…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2019-09-17 Jonas Richter , Mats H. Lamann , Christian Bartsch , Robin Steinigeweg , Jochen Gemmer

We derive semiclassical analytical solutions for both the diagonal and off-diagonal functions in the eigenstate thermalization hypothesis (ETH) in a quarter-stadium quantum billiard. For a representative observable, we obtain an explicit…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-10-15 Yaoqi Ye , Chengkai Lin , Xiao Wang

We investigate dynamical equilibration of expectation values in closed quantum systems for realistic non-equilibrium initial states. Thereby we find that the corresponding long time expectation values depend on the initial expectation…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2017-06-28 Christian Bartsch , Jochen Gemmer