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This paper presents physical modeling and benchmarking for two-terminal spin-orbit torque magnetic random-access memory (2T-SOT-MRAM). The results indicate that the common SOT materials that provide only in-plane torque can provide little…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2025-12-09 Md Nahid Haque Shazon , Piyush Kumar , Luqiao Liu , Daniel C. Ralph , Azad Naeemi

We present a novel design of a strained topological insulator spin-orbit torque random access memory (STI-SOTRAM) bit cell comprising a piezoelectric/magnet (gating)/topological insulator (TI)/magnet (storage) heterostructure that leverages…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2025-03-03 Md Golam Morshed , Hamed Vakili , Mohammad Nazmus Sakib , Samiran Ganguly , Mircea R. Stan , Avik W. Ghosh

Progress in (Ga,Mn)As lithography has recently allowed us to realize structures where unique magnetic anisotropy properties can be imposed locally in various regions of a given device. We make use of this technology to fabricate a device in…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2015-06-25 K. Pappert , S. Hümpfner , C. Gould , J. Wenisch , K. Brunner , G. Schmidt , L. W. Molenkamp

We investigated the low temperature performance of CoFeB/MgO based perpendicular magnetic tunnel junctions (pMTJs) by characterizing their quasi-static switching voltage, high speed pulse write error rate and endurance down to 9 K. pMTJ…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2020-01-29 Lili Lang , Yujie Jiang , Fei Lu , Cailu Wang , Yizhang Chen , Andrew D. Kent , Li Ye

The growth of binary alloy clusters on a weakly interacting substrate through codeposition of two atomic species is studied by kinetic Monte Carlo simulation. Our model describes salient features of CoPt$_3$-nanoclusters, as obtained…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2007-05-23 Stefan Heinrichs , Wolfgang Dieterich , Philipp Maass

Search for single-molecule magnets (SMMs) with high blocking temperature (TB) is urgent for practical applications in magnetic recording, molecular spintronics and quantum computing. Based on the First-principles calculations, magnetic…

Materials Science · Physics 2014-02-04 Jun Hu , Ruqian Wu

We study the tunnel magnetoresistance (TMR) effect and magnetocrystalline anisotropy in a series of magnetic tunnel junctions (MTJs) with $L1_1$-ordered fcc ferromagnetic alloys and MgO barrier along the [111] direction. Considering the…

Materials Science · Physics 2021-02-24 Keisuke Masuda , Hiroyoshi Itoh , Yoshiaki Sonobe , Hiroaki Sukegawa , Seiji Mitani , Yoshio Miura

Electric field control of magnetic properties offers a broad and promising toolbox for enabling ultra-low power electronics. A key challenge with high technological relevance is to master the interplay between the magnetic anisotropy of a…

We demonstrate ultra-fast (down to 400 ps) bipolar magnetization switching of a three-terminal perpendicular Ta/FeCoB/MgO/FeCoB magnetic tunnel junction. The critical current density rises significantly as the current pulse shortens below…

In the last decade, nanoscale resistive devices with memory have been the subject of intense study because of their possible use in brain-inspired computing. However, operational endurance is one of the limiting factors in the adoption of…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2022-09-13 Francesco Caravelli , Ezio Iacocca , Gia-Wei Chern , Cristiano Nisoli , Clodoaldo I. L. de Araujo

In this work we investigate the effect of the mechanical stress on the performance of magnetic tunnel junctions (MTJ) with perpendicular magnetic anisotropy. We developed a 4-point bending setup, that allows us to apply a constant stress…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2018-06-08 Niklas Roschewsky , Sebastian Schafer , Frances Hellman , Vladimir Nikitin

Angular momentum transport and particle acceleration during the magnetorotational instability (MRI) in a collisionless accretion disk are investigated using three-dimensional particle-in-cell (PIC) simulation. We show that the kinetic MRI…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2015-06-23 Masahiro Hoshino

Nanodots with magnetic vortices have many potential applications, such as magnetic memories (VRAMs) and spin transfer nano-oscillators (STNOs). Adding a perpendicular anisotropy term to the magnetic energy of the nanodot it becomes possible…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2015-05-28 E. R. P. Novais , P. Landeros , A. G. S. Barbosa , M. D. Martins , F. Garcia , A. P. Guimarães

Two promising strategies for achieving efficient control of magnetization in future magnetic memory and non-volatile spin logic devices are spin transfer torque from spin polarized currents and voltage-controlled magnetic anisotropy (VCMA).…

Materials Science · Physics 2012-09-06 Luqiao Liu , Chi-Feng Pai , D. C. Ralph , R. A. Buhrman

Pt/Co/heavy metal (HM) tri-layered structures with interfacial perpendicular magnetic anisotropy (PMA) are currently under intensive research for several emerging spintronic effects, such as spinorbit torque, domain wall motion, and room…

High perpendicular magnetic anisotropy (PMA), a property needed for nanoscale spintronic applications, is rare in oxide conductors. We report the observation of a PMA up to 0.23 MJ/m3 in modestly strained epitaxial NiCo2O4 (NCO) films which…

Materials Science · Physics 2020-01-15 Corbyn Mellinger , Jace Waybright , Xiaozhe Zhang , Caleb Schmidt , Xiaoshan Xu

Strain-mediated voltage control of magnetization in piezoelectric/ferromagnetic systems is a promising mechanism to implement energy-efficient spintronic memory devices. Here, we demonstrate giant voltage manipulation of MgO magnetic tunnel…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2016-09-02 Zhengyang Zhao , Mahdi Jamali , Noel D'Souza , Delin Zhang , Supriyo Bandyopadhyay , Jayasimha Atulasimha , Jian-Ping Wang

Spin Hall effect (SHE) and voltage-controlled magnetic anisotropy (VCMA) are two promising methods for low-power electrical manipulation of magnetization. Recently, magnetic field-free switching of perpendicular magnetization through SHE…

We have measured the magnetoresistance in a series of Ga$_{1-x}$Mn$_x$As samples with 0.033$\le x \le$ 0.053 for three mutually orthogonal orientations of the applied magnetic field. The spontaneous resistivity anisotropy (SRA) in these…

Materials Science · Physics 2009-11-07 David V. Baxter , Dmitry Ruzmetov , Julia Scherschligt , Y. Sasaki , X. Liu , J. K. Furdyna , C. H. Mielke

This application note discusses the working principle of spin-transfer torque magnetoresistive random access memory (STT-MRAM) and the impact that magnetic fields can have on STT-MRAM operation. Sources of magnetic field and typical…