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Sorting is a fundamental operation across numerous computational domains. Traditionally, this process involves transferring data from main memory to a processing unit for sorting, followed by writing the sorted data back to memory. This…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2026-05-18 Narendra Singh Dhakad , Santosh Kumar Vishvakarma

Cryo-computing - both classical and quantum, is severely limited by the absence of a suitable cryo-memory. The challenge both in terms of energy efficiency and speed have been known for decades, but so far conventional technologies have not…

Mapping neuro-inspired algorithms to sensor backplanes of on-chip hardware require shifting the signal processing from digital to the analog domain, demanding memory technologies beyond conventional CMOS binary storage units. Using…

Emerging Technologies · Computer Science 2018-03-15 Aidana Irmanova , Alex Pappachen James

This paper describes a multi-functional deep in-memory processor for inference applications. Deep in-memory processing is achieved by embedding pitch-matched low-SNR analog processing into a standard 6T 16KB SRAM array in 65 nm CMOS. Four…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2016-10-25 Mingu Kang , Sujan Gonugondla , Ameya Patil , Naresh Shanbhag

The growing demand for low-power and area-efficient TinyML inference on AIoT devices necessitates memory architectures that minimise data movement while sustaining high computational efficiency. This paper presents FERMI-ML, a Flexible and…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2026-02-12 Mukul Lokhande , Akash Sankhe , S. V. Jaya Chand , Santosh Kumar Vishvakarma

Big data applications are on the rise, and so is the number of data centers. The ever-increasing massive data pool needs to be periodically backed up in a secure environment. Moreover, a massive amount of securely backed-up data is required…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2023-10-31 Shamiul Alam , Jack Hutchins , Nikhil Shukla , Kazi Asifuzzaman , Ahmedullah Aziz

Binary matrix-vector multiplication (BMVM) is a key operation in post-quantum cryptography schemes like the Classic McEliece cryptosystem. Conventional computing architectures incur significant energy efficiency loss due to data movement of…

Emerging Technologies · Computer Science 2025-07-15 Hao Yue , Yihao Chen , Tianhang Liang , Xiangrui Li , Xin Kong , Zhelong Jiang , Zhigang Li , Gang Chen , Huaxiang Lu

AHaH computing forms a theoretical framework from which a biologically-inspired type of computing architecture can be built where, unlike von Neumann systems, memory and processor are physically combined. In this paper we report on an…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2014-08-15 M. Alexander Nugent , Timothy W. Molter

Using Resistive Random Access Memory (RRAM) crossbars in Computing-in-Memory (CIM) architectures offers a promising solution to overcome the von Neumann bottleneck. Due to non-idealities like cell variability, RRAM crossbars are often…

The advancement of Deep Learning (DL) is driven by efficient Deep Neural Network (DNN) design and new hardware accelerators. Current DNN design is primarily tailored for general-purpose use and deployment on commercially viable platforms.…

Herein, a bit-wise Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) in-memory accelerator is implemented using Spin-Orbit Torque Magnetic Random Access Memory (SOT-MRAM) computational sub-arrays. It utilizes a novel AND-Accumulation method capable of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-04-18 Arman Roohi , Shaahin Angizi , Deliang Fan , Ronald F DeMara

Many key electronic technologies (e.g., large-scale computing, machine learning, and superconducting electronics) require new memories that are fast, reliable, energy-efficient, and of low-impedance at the same time, which has remained a…

Applied Physics · Physics 2020-01-15 Lijun Zhu , Lujun Zhu , Shengjie Shi , D. C. Ralph , R. A. Buhrman

An analog computer makes use of continuously changeable quantities of a system, such as its electrical, mechanical, or hydraulic properties, to solve a given problem. While these devices are usually computationally more powerful than their…

Emerging Technologies · Computer Science 2019-10-09 G. Alvarado Barrios , J. C. Retamal , E. Solano , M. Sanz

In this paper, we demonstrate the design of efficient and high-performance AI/Deep Learning accelerators with customized STT-MRAM and a reconfigurable core. Based on model-driven detailed design space exploration, we present the design…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2021-04-07 Kaniz Mishty , Mehdi Sadi

In-memory computing is an emerging non-von Neumann computing paradigm where certain computational tasks are performed in memory by exploiting the physical attributes of the memory devices. Memristive devices such as phase-change memory…

Emerging Technologies · Computer Science 2020-04-08 Anastasios Petropoulos , Irem Boybat , Manuel Le Gallo , Evangelos Eleftheriou , Abu Sebastian , Theodore Antonakopoulos

In-memory computing is a promising alternative to traditional computer designs, as it helps overcome performance limits caused by the separation of memory and processing units. However, many current approaches struggle with unreliable…

The rapid advancements in machine learning across numerous industries have amplified the demand for extensive matrix-vector multiplication operations, thereby challenging the capacities of traditional von Neumann computing architectures. To…

As a promising alternative to the Von Neumann architecture, in-memory computing holds the promise of delivering high computing capacity while consuming low power. Content addressable memory (CAM) can implement pattern matching and distance…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2023-07-10 Zijing Zhao , Junzhe Kang , Ashwin Tunga , Hojoon Ryu , Ankit Shukla , Shaloo Rakheja , Wenjuan Zhu

This paper presents a PVT-resilient, subthreshold SRAM-based computing-in-memory (CIM) macro tailored for energy-efficient spiking neural networks (SNNs). The macro integrates in-situ current sensors and distributed voltage regulators to…

Memristors provide a tempting solution for weighted synapse connections in neuromorphic computing due to their size and non-volatile nature. However, memristors are unreliable in the commonly used voltage-pulse-based programming approaches…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2023-09-08 Hritom Das , Rocco D. Febbo , SNB Tushar , Nishith N. Chakraborty , Maximilian Liehr , Nathaniel Cady , Garrett S. Rose
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