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Evaluating similarity between graphs is of major importance in several computer vision and pattern recognition problems, where graph representations are often used to model objects or interactions between elements. The choice of a distance…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2017-06-15 Sofia Ira Ktena , Sarah Parisot , Enzo Ferrante , Martin Rajchl , Matthew Lee , Ben Glocker , Daniel Rueckert

A novel Gromov-Wasserstein learning framework is proposed to jointly match (align) graphs and learn embedding vectors for the associated graph nodes. Using Gromov-Wasserstein discrepancy, we measure the dissimilarity between two graphs and…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-05-08 Hongteng Xu , Dixin Luo , Hongyuan Zha , Lawrence Carin

Subgraph Isomorphism is a very basic graph problem, where given two graphs $G$ and $H$ one is to check whether $G$ is a subgraph of $H$. Despite its simple definition, the Subgraph Isomorphism problem turns out to be very broad, as it…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2015-04-14 Marek Cygan , Jakub Pachocki , Arkadiusz Socała

In this paper, we study the computational complexity of finding the \emph{geodetic number} of graphs. A set of vertices $S$ of a graph $G$ is a \emph{geodetic set} if any vertex of $G$ lies in some shortest path between some pair of…

Discrete Mathematics · Computer Science 2020-12-08 Dibyayan Chakraborty , Florent Foucaud , Harmender Gahlawat , Subir Kumar Ghosh , Bodhayan Roy

What is the best way to match the nodes of two graphs? This graph alignment problem generalizes graph isomorphism and arises in applications from social network analysis to bioinformatics. Some solutions assume that auxiliary information on…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2021-06-14 Judith Hermanns , Anton Tsitsulin , Marina Munkhoeva , Alex Bronstein , Davide Mottin , Panagiotis Karras

The Traveling Salesman Problem (TSP) is a classic and extensively studied problem with numerous real-world applications in artificial intelligence and operations research. It is well-known that TSP admits a constant approximation ratio on…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2025-12-02 Jingyang Zhao , Zimo Sheng , Mingyu Xiao

In this paper, we study the parallel and the space complexity of the graph isomorphism problem (\GI{}) for several parameterizations. Let $\mathcal{H}=\{H_1,H_2,\cdots,H_l\}$ be a finite set of graphs where $|V(H_i)|\leq d$ for all $i$ and…

Computational Complexity · Computer Science 2017-12-04 Bireswar Das , Murali Krishna Enduri , I. Vinod Reddy

Graph connectivity and network design problems are among the most fundamental problems in combinatorial optimization. The minimum spanning tree problem, the two edge-connected spanning subgraph problem (2-ECSS) and the tree augmentation…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2020-01-14 David Adjiashvili , Felix Hommelsheim , Moritz Mühlenthaler

We consider heuristic algorithm for solving graph isomorphism problem. The algorithm based on a successive splitting of the eigenvalues of the matrices which are modifications (to positive defined) of graphs' adjacency matrices.…

General Mathematics · Mathematics 2007-05-23 R. T. Faizullin , A. V. Prolubnikov

The problem of measuring similarity of graphs and their nodes is important in a range of practical problems. There is a number of proposed measures, some of them being based on iterative calculation of similarity between two graphs and the…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2010-09-28 Mladen Nikolic

The graph isomorphism (GI) problem, which asks whether two graphs are structurally identical, occupies a unique position in computational complexity -- it is neither known to be solvable in polynomial time, nor proven to be NP-complete. We…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2026-05-21 Wenjie Xiao , Mathieu Besançon , Patrick Gelß , Deborah Hendrych , Stefan Klus , Sebastian Pokutta

The Graph Pricing problem is among the fundamental problems whose approximability is not well-understood. While there is a simple combinatorial 1/4-approximation algorithm, the best hardness result remains at 1/2 assuming the Unique Games…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2014-11-06 Euiwoong Lee

Graph similarity search is among the most important graph-based applications, e.g. finding the chemical compounds that are most similar to a query compound. Graph similarity computation, such as Graph Edit Distance (GED) and Maximum Common…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-03-03 Yunsheng Bai , Hao Ding , Song Bian , Ting Chen , Yizhou Sun , Wei Wang

A matching is a set of edges in a graph with no common endpoint. A matching M is called acyclic if the induced subgraph on the endpoints of the edges in M is acyclic. Given a graph G and an integer k, Acyclic Matching Problem seeks for an…

Computational Complexity · Computer Science 2022-10-05 Sahab Hajebi , Ramin Javadi

Finding the graphs that are most similar to a query graph in a large database is a common task with various applications. A widely-used similarity measure is the graph edit distance, which provides an intuitive notion of similarity and…

Databases · Computer Science 2021-10-05 Franka Bause , David B. Blumenthal , Erich Schubert , Nils M. Kriege

Graph similarity computation aims to predict a similarity score between one pair of graphs to facilitate downstream applications, such as finding the most similar chemical compounds similar to a query compound or Fewshot 3D Action…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-01-06 Haoyan Xu , Ziheng Duan , Jie Feng , Runjian Chen , Qianru Zhang , Zhongbin Xu , Yueyang Wang

Graph Neural Networks have shown excellent performance on semi-supervised classification tasks. However, they assume access to a graph that may not be often available in practice. In the absence of any graph, constructing k-Nearest Neighbor…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-02-23 Vijay Lingam , Arun Iyer , Rahul Ragesh

We initiate the study of spectral generalizations of the graph isomorphism problem. (a)The Spectral Graph Dominance (SGD) problem: On input of two graphs $G$ and $H$ does there exist a permutation $\pi$ such that $G\preceq \pi(H)$? (b) The…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2018-05-02 Alexandra Kolla , Ioannis Koutis , Vivek Madan , Ali Kemal Sinop

Two kinds of approximation algorithms exist for the k-BALANCED PARTITIONING problem: those that are fast but compute unsatisfying approximation ratios, and those that guarantee high quality ratios but are slow. In this paper we prove that…

Computational Complexity · Computer Science 2019-04-29 Andreas Emil Feldmann

Let H be a graph, and let C_H(G) be the number of (subgraph isomorphic) copies of H contained in a graph G. We investigate the fundamental problem of estimating C_H(G). Previous results cover only a few specific instances of this general…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2019-02-20 Martin Furer , Shiva Prasad Kasiviswanathan