Related papers: Discovering Effect Modification and Randomization …
Effect modification occurs when the effect of the treatment on an outcome varies according to the level of other covariates and often has important implications in decision making. When there are tens or hundreds of covariates, it becomes…
Nowadays, the screening methods for the early detection of lung cancer struggle with several limitations such as many false positive results and low sensitivity. The detection of specific biomarkers is of high interest to complement these…
Evaluating air quality interventions is confronted with the challenge of interference since interventions at a particular pollution source likely impact air quality and health at distant locations and air quality and health at any given…
The current regulatory paradigm is that PM2.5, over time causes lung cancer. This claim is based on cohort studies and meta-analysis that use cohort studies as their base studies. There is a need to evaluate the reliability of this causal…
Multi-dimensional meta-analysis (MDMA) is an innovative technique for investigating complex scientific problems influenced by "external" factors, such as social, medical, economic, political or climatic trends. MDMA extends traditional…
Air contamination in urban areas has risen consistently over the past few years. Due to expanding industrialization and increasing concentration of toxic gases in the climate, the air is getting more poisonous step by step at an alarming…
Penalized variable selection for high dimensional longitudinal data has received much attention as accounting for the correlation among repeated measurements and providing additional and essential information for improved identification and…
Studies of the relationships between environmental exposures and adverse health outcomes often rely on a two-stage statistical modeling approach, where exposure is modeled/predicted in the first stage and used as input to a separately fit…
Air pollution by Nitrogen Oxides (NOx) is a major concern in large cities as it has severe adverse health effects. However, the statistical properties of air pollutants are not fully understood. Here, we use methods borrowed from…
Quantifying associations between short-term exposure to ambient air pollution and health outcomes is an important public health priority. Many studies have investigated the association considering delayed effects within the past few days.…
A novel data-driven methodology is presented for the joint selection of prior parameters for both fixed and random effects in Linear Mixed Models (LMMs). This approach facilitates the estimation of complex random-effects structures, as well…
Traditionally, experimental effects on humans are investigated at the group level. In this work, we present a distributional ``spotlight'' to investigate experimental effects at the individual level. Specifically, we estimate the effects on…
Effect modification means the size of a treatment effect varies with an observed covariate. Generally speaking, a larger treatment effect with more stable error terms is less sensitive to bias. Thus, we might be able to conclude that a…
Air pollution is a significant global health risk, contributing to millions of premature deaths annually. Nitrogen dioxide (NO2), a harmful pollutant, disproportionately affects urban areas where monitoring networks are often sparse. We…
This research explores how total mortality figures relate to age-standardized death rates within the United States, using the complete historical record of national mortality statistics. Through a detailed investigation of both all-cause…
Tropospheric ozone is one of six criteria pollutants regulated by the US EPA, and has been linked to respiratory and cardiovascular endpoints and adverse effects on vegetation and ecosystems. Regional photochemical models have been…
The proximal causal inference framework enables the identification and estimation of causal effects in the presence of unmeasured confounding by leveraging two disjoint sets of observed strong proxies: negative control treatments and…
Aims: A common objective of epidemiological surveys is to provide population-level estimates of health indicators. Survey results tend to be biased under selective non-participation. One approach to bias reduction is to collect information…
The US EPA and the WHO claim that PM2.5 is causal of all-cause deaths. Both support and fund research on air quality and health effects. WHO funded a massive systematic review and meta-analyses of air quality and health-effect papers. 1,632…
Background: With rising temperatures and an aging population, understanding how to prevent heat-related illness among older adults will be increasingly crucial. Despite biological plausibility, no study to date has investigated whether fine…