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We introduce, for any bipartite Bell scenario, a measure that quantifies both the amount of nonlocality and the efficiency in device-independent quantum key distribution of a set of measurement outcomes probabilities. It is a proper measure…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2020-11-30 S. Camalet

The question of security of practical device-independent protocols against no-signalling adversaries, the ultimate form of cryptographic security, has remained open. A key ingredient is to identify how the entropy in the raw outputs of a…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-06-23 Ravishankar Ramanathan , Yuan Liu , Yutian Wu

A Bell inequality is a constraint on a set of correlations whose violation can be used to certify non-locality. They are instrumental for device-independent tasks such as key distribution or randomness expansion. In this work we consider…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2019-08-21 Thomas Cope , Roger Colbeck

Two parties sharing entangled quantum systems can generate correlations that cannot be produced using only shared classical resources. These nonlocal correlations are a fundamental feature of quantum theory but also have practical…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-10-06 Lewis Wooltorton , Peter Brown , Roger Colbeck

Quantum measurements are crucial for quantum technologies and give rise to some of the most classically counter-intuitive quantum phenomena. As such, the ability to certify the presence of genuinely non-classical joint measurements in a…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2019-05-13 Ciarán M. Lee

The activation of Bell nonlocality is a protocol that enables the violation of a Bell inequality from a system that initially did not allow for any such violation because the state of the system was Bell-local. This activation of hidden…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-06-10 Jonathan Steinberg , H. Chau Nguyen , Matthias Kleinmann

Self-testing is a method to certify devices from the result of a Bell test. Although examples of noise tolerant self-testing are known, it is not clear how to deal efficiently with a finite number of experimental trials to certify the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2021-03-03 Jean-Daniel Bancal , Kai Redeker , Pavel Sekatski , Wenjamin Rosenfeld , Nicolas Sangouard

An experimental test of Bell's inequality allows ruling out any local-realistic description of nature by measuring correlations between distant systems. While such tests are conceptually simple, there are strict requirements concerning the…

In many quantum information applications, a minimum detection efficiency must be exceeded to ensure success. Protocols depending on the violation of a Bell inequality, for instance, may be subject to the so-called detection loophole:…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2017-06-29 Jochen Szangolies , Hermann Kampermann , Dagmar Bruß

In a local realist world view, physical properties are defined prior to and independent of measurement, and no physical influence can propagate faster than the speed of light. Proper experimental violation of a Bell inequality would show…

Starting from the late 60's many experiments have been performed to verify the violation Bell's inequality by Einstein-Podolsky-Rosen (EPR) type correlations. The idea of these experiments being that: (i) Bell's inequality is a consequence…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2009-09-25 Luigi Accardi , Massimo Regoli

The violation of a Bell inequality implies the existence of nonlocality, making device-independent randomness certification possible. This paper derives a tight upper bound for the maximal quantum violation of Gisin's elegant Bell…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-02-14 Dan-Dan Hu , Meng-Yan Li , Fen-Zhuo Guo , Yu-Kun Wang , Hai-Feng Dong , Fei Gao

We demonstrate extraction of randomness from spontaneous-emission events less than 36 ns in the past, giving output bits with excess predictability below $10^{-5}$ and strong metrological randomness assurances. This randomness generation…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2015-12-18 Carlos Abellan , Waldimar Amaya , Daniel Mitrani , Valerio Pruneri , Morgan W. Mitchell

No-signaling theories, which can contain nonlocal correlations stronger than classical correlations but limited by the no-signaling condition, have deepened our understanding of the quantum theory. In principle, the nonlocality of these…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2016-11-01 Zhu Cao , Tianyi Peng

Methods to certify the robustness of neural networks in the presence of input uncertainty are vital in safety-critical settings. Most certification methods in the literature are designed for adversarial or worst-case inputs, but researchers…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-01-26 Brendon G. Anderson , Somayeh Sojoudi

Bell nonlocality is the resource that enables device-independent quantum information processing tasks. It is revealed through the violation of so-called Bell inequalities, indicating that the observed correlations cannot be reproduced by…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-09-25 Patrick Emonts , Mengyao Hu , Albert Aloy , Jordi Tura

By combining the assumptions of Bell locality with those of generalized noncontextuality, we define classes of noncontextuality inequalities for correlations arising in a bipartite Bell circuit. These classes are distinguished by which…

Photonic systems based on energy-time entanglement have been proposed to test local realism using the Bell inequality. A violation of this inequality normally also certifies security of device-independent quantum key distribution, so that…

With the increased availability of quantum technological devices, it becomes more important to have tools to guarantee their correct nonclassical behavior. This is especially important for quantum networks, which constitute the platforms…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-08-26 Ming-Xing Luo , Xue Yang , Alejandro Pozas-Kerstjens

Bell inequalities are intended to show that local realist theories cannot describe the world. A local realist theory is one where physical properties are defined prior to and independent of measurement, and no physical influence can…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2014-12-01 Jan-Åke Larsson
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