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The inducibility of a graph $H$ measures the maximum number of induced copies of $H$ a large graph $G$ can have. Generalizing this notion, we study how many induced subgraphs of fixed order $k$ and size $\ell$ a large graph $G$ on $n$…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2019-11-05 Noga Alon , Dan Hefetz , Michael Krivelevich , Mykhaylo Tyomkyn

We consider the problem of determining the maximum induced density of a graph H in any graph on n vertices. The limit of this density as n tends to infinity is called the inducibility of H. The exact value of this quantity is known only for…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2013-07-17 James Hirst

For a positive integer $k$ and a graph $H$ on $k$ vertices, we are interested in the inducibility of $H$, denoted $\mathrm{ind}(H)$, which is defined as the maximum possible probability that choosing $k$ vertices uniformly at random from a…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2024-11-27 Richard Ueltzen

The inducibility of a graph $H$ is about the maximum number of induced copies of $H$ in a graph on $n$ vertices. We consider its edge version, that is, the maximum number of induced copies of $H$ in a graph with $m$ edges. Let $c(G,H)$ be…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2025-10-14 Yichen Wang , Xiamiao Zhao , Mei Lu

A graph $G$ is $H$-induced-saturated if $G$ is $H$-free but deleting any edge or adding any edge creates an induced copy of $H$. There are non-trivial graphs $H$, such as $P_4$, for which no finite $H$-induced-saturated graph $G$ exists. We…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2025-09-03 Marthe Bonamy , Carla Groenland , Tom Johnston , Natasha Morrison , Alex Scott

Erd\H{o}s and Hajnal conjectured that for every graph $H$, there exists $c>0$ such that every $H$-free graph $G$ has a clique or a stable set of size at least $|G|^c$ (a graph is $H$-free if it has no induced subgraph isomorphic to $H$).…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2026-04-21 Tung Nguyen , Alex Scott , Paul Seymour

A graph $G$ is $H$-saturated for a graph $H$, if $G$ does not contain a copy of $H$ but adding any new edge to $G$ results in such a copy. An $H$-saturated graph on a given number of vertices always exists and the properties of such graphs,…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2020-08-21 Maria Axenovich , Mónika Csikós

We consider the problem of determining the inducibility (maximum possible asymptotic density of induced copies) of oriented graphs on four vertices. We provide exact values for more than half of the graphs, and very close lower and upper…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2022-02-18 Łukasz Bożyk , Andrzej Grzesik , Bartłomiej Kielak

The blow-up of a graph is obtained by replacing every vertex with a finite collection of copies so that the copies of two vertices are adjacent if and only if the originals are. If every vertex is replaced with the same number of copies,…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2011-08-30 Hamed Hatami , James Hirst , Serguei Norine

Given a $k$-vertex graph $H$ and an integer $n$, what are the $n$-vertex graphs with the maximum number of induced copies of $H$? This question is closely related to the inducibility problem introduced by Pippenger and Golumbic in 1975,…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2021-03-04 Jacob Fox , Lisa Sauermann , Fan Wei

For a graph $H$, a graph $G$ is $H$-induced-saturated if $G$ does not contain an induced copy of $H$, but either removing an edge from $G$ or adding a non-edge to $G$ creates an induced copy of $H$. Depending on the graph $H$, an…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2019-07-15 Eun-Kyung Cho , Ilkyoo Choi , Boram Park

Given an $r$-graph $H$ on $h$ vertices, and a family $\mathcal{F}$ of forbidden subgraphs, we define $\ex_{H}(n, \mathcal{F})$ to be the maximum number of induced copies of $H$ in an $\mathcal{F}$-free $r$-graph on $n$ vertices. Then the…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2015-03-12 Victor Falgas-Ravry , Emil R. Vaughan

For graphs $F$ and $H$, let $i(F)$ denote the inducibility of $F$ and let $i_H(F)$ denote the inducibility of $F$ over $H$-free graphs. We prove that for almost all graphs $F$ on a given number of vertices, $i_{K_k}(F)$ attains infinitely…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2025-12-19 Raphael Yuster

Given a graph $G$, we would like to find (if it exists) the largest induced subgraph $H$ in which there are at least $k$ vertices realizing the maximum degree of $H$. This problem was first posed by Caro and Yuster. They proved, for…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2017-04-28 Yair Caro , Josef Lauri , Christina Zarb

An induced path factor of a graph $G$ is a set of induced paths in $G$ with the property that every vertex of $G$ is in exactly one of the paths. The induced path number $\rho(G)$ of $G$ is the minimum number of paths in an induced path…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2021-04-19 Saieed Akbari , Daniel Horsley , Ian M. Wanless

For graphs $G$ and $H$, an $H$-colouring of $G$ is a map $\psi:V(G)\rightarrow V(H)$ such that $ij\in E(G)\Rightarrow\psi(i)\psi(j)\in E(H)$. The number of $H$-colourings of $G$ is denoted by $\hom(G,H)$. We prove the following: for all…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2018-12-13 Hannah Guggiari , Alex Scott

Let $I(F,n)$ denote the maximum number of induced copies of a graph $F$ in an $n$-vertex graph. The inducibility of $F$, defined as $i(F)=\lim_{n\to \infty} I(F,n)/\binom{n}{v(F)}$, is a central problem in extremal graph theory. In this…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2026-01-23 Xizhi Liu , Jie Ma , Tianming Zhu

One of the main questions that arise when studying random and quasi-random structures is which properties P are such that any object that satisfies P "behaves" like a truly random one. In the context of graphs, Chung, Graham, and Wilson…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2009-03-03 Asaf Shapira , Raphael Yuster

We study the maximum number $ex(n,e,H)$ of copies of a graph $H$ in graphs with given number of vertices and edges. We show that for any fixed graph $H$, $ex(n,e,H)$ is asymptotically realized by the quasi-clique provided that the edge…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2018-10-02 Dániel Gerbner , Dániel T. Nagy , Balázs Patkós , Máté Vizer

A well-known theorem of R\"odl says that for every graph $H$, and every $\epsilon>0$, there exists $\delta>0$ such that if $G$ does not contain an induced copy of $H$, then there exists $X\subseteq V(G)$ with $|X|\ge \delta|G|$ such that…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2024-09-10 Jacob Fox , Tung Nguyen , Alex Scott , Paul Seymour
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