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We consider a hypothetical apparatus that implements measurements for arbitrary 4-local quantum observables A on n qubits. The apparatus implements the ``measurement algorithm'' after receiving a classical description of A. We show that a…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2007-05-23 Pawel Wocjan , Dominik Janzing , Thomas Decker , Thomas Beth

The paper addresses a sequential changepoint detection problem, assuming that the duration of change may be finite and unknown. This problem is of importance for many applications, e.g., for signal and image processing where signals appear…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2021-06-09 Alexander G. Tartakovsky , Nikita R. Berenkov , Alexei E. Kolessa , Igor V. Nikiforov

A model for beam customization with collimators and a range-compensating filter based on the phase-space theory for beam transport is presented for dose distribution calculation in treatment planning of radiotherapy with protons and heavier…

Medical Physics · Physics 2008-05-27 Nobuyuki Kanematsu , Shunsuke Yonai , Azusa Ishizaki , Masami Torikoshi

A stable, reliable, and controllable orbit lock system is crucial to an electron (or ion) accelerator because the beam orbit and beam energy instability strongly affect the quality of the beam delivered to experimental halls. Currently,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-01-30 Zhiyuan Chen , Wei Lu , Radhika Bhong , Yimin Hu , Brian Freeman , Adam Carpenter

This paper describes an experimental setup that has been developed to measure and characterise properties of Silicon Photomultipliers (SiPM). The measured SiPM properties are of general interest for a multitude of potential applications and…

Instrumentation and Detectors · Physics 2015-03-13 Patrick Eckert , Hans-Christian Schultz-Coulon , Wei Shen , Rainer Stamen , Alexander Tadday

This paper presents analytical results on the accuracy of fiber-longitudinal optical power monitoring (LPM) at arbitrary positions. To quantify the accuracy, the position-wise variance and power-profile SNR of LPM are defined and analyzed,…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-11-04 Takeo Sasai , Sze Yun Set , Shinji Yamashita

A compact beam-profile monitor was constructed using a linear contact image sensor attached to a plastic scintillator and tested using a 230 MeV proton beam. The results indicate that the beam distribution can be obtained in real-time, and…

Medical Physics · Physics 2019-12-23 Tung-Yuan Hsiao , Tzung-Yuang Chen , Huan Niu , Chien-Hsu Chen

We present the first physical realization of in-pixel signal processing with integrated AI-based data filtering for particle tracking detectors. Building on prior work that demonstrated a physics-motivated edge-AI algorithm suitable for…

In computational phase imaging with a microscope equipped with an array of light emitting diodes as illumination unit, conventional Fourier ptychographic microscopy achieves high resolution and wide-field reconstructions but is constrained…

The detector of TRopIcal DEep-sea Neutrino Telescope (TRIDENT) will use large-area silicon photomultiplier (SiPM) arrays combined with photomultiplier tubes to boost photon detection efficiency and pointing capability. An…

Instrumentation and Detectors · Physics 2025-02-06 M. X. Wang , Y. Liu , Y. Q. Tan , J. N. Tang , W. H. Wu , D. L. Xu , W. Zhi , Z. Z. Zhou

In this study, we propose a fast implementation of a Maximum Likelihood Positioning (MLP) algorithm to estimate the energy and identify the active scintillator pixel in staggered layer scintillation detectors for PET. The staggered layer…

This paper describes a new approach for using changepoint detection (CPD) to estimate the starting and stopping times of a forced oscillation (FO) in measured power system data. As with a previous application of CPD to this problem, the…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-02-10 Luke Dosiek , Akaash Karn , Frank Liu

The classical method of determining the atomic structure of complex molecules by analyzing diffraction patterns is currently undergoing drastic developments. Modern techniques for producing extremely bright and coherent X-ray lasers allow a…

Biomolecules · Quantitative Biology 2015-10-12 Tomas Ekeberg , Stefan Engblom , Jing Liu

Scanning transmission electron microscopy (STEM) is an extremely versatile method for studying materials on the atomic scale. Many STEM experiments are supported or validated with electron scattering simulations. However, using the…

Quantum parameter estimation holds significant promise for achieving high precision through the utilization of the most informative measurements. While various lower bounds have been developed to assess the best accuracy for estimates, they…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-07-19 Jianchao Zhang , Jun Suzuki

Fourier Ptychographic Microscopy (FPM) is a computational technique that achieves a large space-bandwidth product imaging. It addresses the challenge of balancing a large field of view and high resolution by fusing information from multiple…

Optics · Physics 2023-04-21 Ruiqing Sun , Delong Yang , Yao Hu , Qun Hao , Xin Li , Shaohui Zhang

Timepix3 pixel detectors have demonstrated great potential for tracking applications. With $256\times 256$ pixels, 55 $\mathrm{\mu}$m pitch and improved resolution in time (1.56 ns) and energy (2 keV at 60 keV), they have become powerful…

Data Analysis, Statistics and Probability · Physics 2022-02-09 Petr Mánek , Benedikt Bergmann , Petr Burian , Declan Garvey , Lukáš Meduna , Stanislav Pospíšil , Petr Smolyanskiy , Eoghan White

A method for the determination of absolute quantum detection efficiency is suggested based on the measurement of photocount statistics of twin beams. The measured histograms of joint signal-idler photocount statistics allow to eliminate an…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2015-06-05 Jan Perina , Ondrej Haderka , Vaclav Michalek , Martin Hamar

LaBr3:Ce crystals have good scintillation properties for X-ray spectroscopy. Initially, they were introduced for radiation imaging in medical physics with either a photomultiplier or SiPM readout, and they found extensive applications in…

Instrumentation and Detectors · Physics 2023-11-29 M. Bonesini , R. Bertoni , A. Abba , F. Caponio , M. C. Prata , M. Rossella

The paper proposes a method of finding the beam loss locations in a linac. If the beam is scraped at an aperture limitation, moving its centroid with two dipole correctors located upstream and oscillating in sync produces a line at the…

Accelerator Physics · Physics 2019-05-02 Alexander Shemyakin